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How can leaders use the four principles of health care ethics in decision making with a...

How can leaders use the four principles of health care ethics in decision making with a health organization

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The APNs are characterized by their ability to apply the advanced theoretical knowledge and skills acquired through the clinical experience in direct patient care. APNs are directly involved in population health care or population health outcome, which plays a key role in eliminating the health care inequalities. So, the APNs must be competent to identify and solve the various ethical conflicts that are associated with the patients, caretakers, or other nurses. They must be also able to guide the co-workers and patients who are struggling with ethical dilemmas.

The common core principles of ethical considerations important to APNs include,

  1. The principle of autonomy
  2. The principle of beneficence
  3. The principle of non-maleficence
  4. The principle of justice

The principle of autonomy: It refers to the protection of the privacy and autonomy of the individuals. APNs are obligated to educate the patient that helps him/her to take rational and autonomous healthcare decisions. The basic nursing role of patient advocacy and education make them to frame methods that protect individual patient’s rights. For example, the APNs must play a proactive role throughout the informed consent process by serving as a key source of information, and work to resolve the issues of informed consent withdrawal or refusing to provide the informed consent. They have to encourage patients to engage in shared decision making and should assess the patient’s level of understanding regarding the proposed therapeutic inversions to avoid the possible legal suits and to respect the patient’s right of decision.

The principle of beneficence: It refers to the duty of health care professionals to provide good and to ensure maximum benefit to the public while minimizing the possible harm. It concerns the duty of one individual to benefit the other. The goals of all healthcare professionals including the APNs are inherently for the patient’s beneficence or broadly, for the public health. So, beneficence governs all actions of APNs while engaging in professional activities. In general, nurses care for the long-term outcomes of the patients. As beneficence refers to maximizing good for the patient, a dilemma often occurs in defining what is actually good to the patient and what does a good care or approach means to the patient.

The principle of nonmaleficence: According to the principle of “nonmaleficence,” the individuals should not be harmed. In healthcare facilities, particularly in APN practice settings, nonmaleficence is associated with several implications. In health-care settings, harm cannot be justified unless it interferes with the long-term benefits of the patient. For example, providing intravenous antibiotics to a patient with septic shock is not considered as harm although the patent objects. This is because the damage delaying in such situations or waiting to receive patient’s acceptance causes irreversible damage. So, in such situations, APNs cannot spend the time to evaluate the decision-making capacity of the patient.

The principle of justice: It refers to the equal distribution of hhealth careresources and a decision must be taken only after assessing benefits and burdens. Promoting justice in the healthcare is one of the important responsibilities of APNs, because in the absence of justice, the most vulnerable will fail to receive the care they actually deserve

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