Question

Periodic Trends in Atomic Properties PRE-LAB QUESTIONS 1. What properties or characteristics affect how the periodic table is organized? Explain how each item affects the arrangement. 2. What is the difference between an inner transition metal and a transition metal? 3. In general, where are metals located on the periodic table? Explain why. 4. What are the names of two metal families?

Answer 1

Few properties which follow regular trend on moving down the group or across the
period.They are called periodic properties
1) Atiomic radius.It is the radius of atom ,Atomic radius decrease on moving
from left to right in a period .Atomic radii will increase from top to bottom
in a period
2

Ionic radius: it is the radius of ion formed from neutral atom.Radius of
positive ion is smaller than parent atom and it is larger for negative
ion than its parent atom
Ionic radii increase on moving down the group.
IT decreases as the nuclear charge on the atom increases[from left to right]

3)
Valance electrons ;It is the # of electrons present in the outer shell
of an element. As we move on from left to right in a period number of valance electrons
increase by one. WHere as in a group.It remains the same
4)
Ionization energy : Energy needed to remove valance electron is called I.E.
I.E increases from left to right in a period
I.E decreases from top to bottom in a group
5)
electronegativity : It is the tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons present
in a bond towards it.This property increases on moving from left to right
in a period
This property will decrease from top to bottom in a group
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2>
In transition elements filling of electrons takes place in the d orbital
where as inner transition elements filing of electron takes place in the f orbital
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3) In the periodic table metals are present in left side of the periodic
table .They have valance electrons equal to 1 ,2 or 3 .And so they have strong
tendency to loose electrons. One of the important metallic character is
formation of positive ions. Elements present in left side of periodic table
has strongest tendency to form positive ions
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4)
group 1- Alkali metals
Group 2- Alkaline earth metals
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