Question

What is the latitude of someone in Europe who sees the Sun at an altitude of 14.5° on December 22?

Answer 1

That day is the northern hemisphere winter solstice/southern hemisphere summer solstice. At that time the Sun is directly overhead along 23.5° south latitude. Thus to compute where it would coincidently be 14.5° altitude (I am assuming this is at solar noon) you would simply add 38 degrees north to 23.5 south, giving you 14.5° north latitude, which runs along the far southern part of the country.