Question

hello please answer all questions or at least the first six questions. please type! thanks

7. Define exothermic and endothermic. What is the sign on q for each type of reaction? 8. A dental hygienist uses x-rays (I 0.100 nm) to take a series of dental radiographs while the patient listens to a radio station ( 325 cm) and looks out the window at the blue sky (l 473 nm). What is the frequency (in s') of the electromagnetic radiation from each source? (Assume that the radiation travels at the speed of light, 3.00x10 m/s.) 9. A cook uses a microwave oven to heat a meal. The wavelength of the radiation is 1.20 cm. What is the energy of one photon of this microwave radiation? 10. What does it mean for energy to be quantized? How does this apply to the hydrogen atom and its atomic emission spectrum? 11. What is an orbital? What are the four types of orbitals we discussed? Draw two of them. 12. Draw and orbital diagram (with boxes) for the following atoms с. Li d. He а. С b. О 13. Sketch the periodic table. Show how the various orbital types relate to the geography of the periodic table. 14. Write the electron configuration for the following atoms using full and core notation. Identify the number of valence electrons for each as well: f. Sb a. Mg g. W h. U b. О с. Li d. C . Co f. Kr е. Р 15. For each of the following pairs, identify which atom has the a) larger size and b) ionization energy c. Pb vs. Bi a. As vs. S b. Mg vs. Sr d. C vs. O

Answer 1

used is exothermic q soie 7. A prouss where heat is released in exothermic negative for exothermie. A prouss where heat is absorbed is endothermic groix o positive for endothermic. 8. The frequency, (o), wavelength (1) and speed (1) is related by :. le: 2.2 For A-rays 3.00 x 108ma1.:01M 10-10 m 10-10 m] ..♡. 3x1018 8-1 3.000 108 ms for radio station =- 325 cm 3.25 m 8.15m] = 9.23 x 10 9 8-! for blue sky w 3.00 x 108 ms :u73 nm. - 4.734 10 8 m 498x10-6 m) = 6.Bu x 1015 1

wavelength 9. from Planck equation, energy and tonguenty are related as he ha planck constant 9. = 6.625 x 1034 5- = 1.656 x 10-24 Joules e = speed of light 30x108 ms -1 7 www elength is - 120 m l given) 10. when Energy (E) is released in discrrect packets than continuous, it is called quantized radiation on Hydrogen spectrum, we get line spectra than continuous spectra. This shows that only certain amount of energy are released in Hy dragen spectrum supporting quantigation

function an electron, orbital - An that describes mudeons ine orbital is a mathematical wave-like behavior of sub-amotic particles. are : c) d-orbital The four types of orbitals a) s. orbital b) bo orbital d) forbital brorbital s-orbital y nudeus iz -nucleus IK 25 Tx] nu m 1419 12.499 € (6) (b) 018); (1) Lê (9): (d) He (2):

14. (a) Mg: [Ar]3d 5 qs2 (b) 0.; Os copy [he] 23*264 (@lii [He ] 25 (d) d: [ne] 38² 365 (0) P: [ne] 359363 (8) Sbi [ka] 4d10557563 (9) w: [Xe] 48 14 5 d4 65² () vi [Rn] 5436d1752 (d) co: [Ar]3d9432 (i) Ko: [Ar]3d1043² 466

TS. These question can be holved from electronic configuration (a) As : [Am] 30 10 432463 S : [ Hel 23'2p Now; ionization energy means the energy released when M i tte occurs. The more stable Mt is, lower the ionization energy. . Ast: [AN] 3d 10 43² 962 a high-energy I unstable as stability of half-filled. et : [he] 21 ep² a configuration is lost very stable as half-filled : configuration reached (6) Mg: [Ar]3d Sas² -e, Mgt: [Ar]3d5 4 st Sri [kr] 58² i Brt: [kr] 53' Here; o although both have ns2 configuration: Mg has 45 which is closer to nucleus than ss. Hence it would be more difficult to extract e from wing than sr. Thus; I. Emg> L.Es

( Pb: [Xe] 4414 5d 10 63 26 6 2 e Bi: [Xe] 4614 5610 687 663 e As Bi ~ Bit causes removal from half-filled orbital .; it shall be Thus; I. E Bi X I. Epp 1 x e] 4614 5.10 69² 661 [x] 919 50 1065²662 of electron from very high energetic (d) C:[he] 25² 282 - ļ [HQ] 25 26' 0 [he] 25 264 -e [H.] 28% 263 Thus; o tot causes attaining of half-filled Hence; 2.For I.FO configuration