Question

preoperative teaching, including respiratory, mobility, and pain interventions. Also include instructions to prevent postoperative complications.

Answer 1

The preoperative teaching shoukd make the patient have a brief knowledge sbout the surgery and help ghrm to cope easily. They are as following

• Nil per oral (NPO,NBM) 8 to 12 hours should be strictly followed to prevent aspiration or respiratory complication when anaesthesia is administered
• Shaving of the required surgical part to be done if private area patient can do it by self if stable and wants to have privacy ,but it has to be assessed by the nurse before. Otherwise surgical hair removal are done by healthcare professionals only.
• Not to use any deodorant, perfumes ,make up ,nail polish,lip stick on the day of surgery (this enables to assess the circulation or oxygenation via nails )
• No anticoagulant drugs ,if taking should be stoped before 5 days for oral forms, hypertension, thyroid medication should be taken as per the advice of the surgeon or the provider
• IV insertion and pre medication as per order
• The patient will be kept NPO till the bowel sounds are heard on auscultation
• The length of hospital stay has to be explained
• Breathing exercise like deep breathing and coughing exercise will umprove oxygenation and lung expansion followed during post operative period also
• DVT prophylaxis to prevent it because of restricted mobility
• Physiotherapy will be initiated as per the type of surgery
• Early mobilisation will improve muscle activity
• Pain management has to be explained the type of medicine ,duration ,frequency

Post operative complication prevention are as follows

• Pressure ulcers or injuries if mobilization is delayed ,position failure
• Constipation can be prevented by mobilization, rich fibre diet and good fluid intake
• Breathing exercise to prevent pneumonia
• DVT stocking to improve lower limb circulation
• Wound infection be prevented by proper a septic techniques
• Temporary urinary retention has to be managed with fluid management