Question

4-What are the 8 allergens that must be listed on a food label? (8 pts) Styles 5-The percent Daily Value is based on a calorie diet. diet 6-What are the 2 types of digestion? What are the phases of digestion? What happens in each phase? 7-What are enzymes? 8.What is Bicarbonate; Mucus; Sphincter; Lipase; Bile; Saliva, Chyme? 9-Which body system is responsible for food allergies? 10-Who is dehydration is most dangerous for? 11-What is the protein that people with Celiac Disease cannot eat? 12-What are things that may increase your risk of GERD? 13-What are symptoms of a food allergy? a food allergy 14-Where are areas that have high malnutrition/hunger rates? a States)

Answer 1

Ans) 4) 8 Allergens are: Milk, Eggs, Peanuts, Tree nuts (such as almonds, cashews, walnuts), Fish (such as bass, cod, flounder), Shellfish (such as crab, lobster, shrimp), Soy, Wheat.

5) Percent of daily values is based on a daily calories diet of 2,000 calories.

6) There are two kinds of digestion: mechanical and chemical.

• Mechanical digestion involves physically breaking the food into smaller pieces. Mechanical digestion begins in the mouth as the food is chewed.

• Chemical digestion involves breaking down the food into simpler nutrients that can be used by the cells.

- 7 phases of digestion:

The digestive process starts when you put food in your mouth.
Mouth. Food starts to move through your GI tract when you eat. When you swallow, your tongue pushes the food into your throat. A small flap of tissue, called the epiglottis, folds over your windpipe to prevent choking and the food passes into your esophagus.

Esophagus. Once you begin swallowing, the process becomes automatic. Your brain signals the muscles of the esophagus and peristalsis begins.

Lower esophageal sphincter. When food reaches the end of your esophagus, a ringlike muscle—called the lower esophageal sphincter —relaxes and lets food pass into your stomach. This sphincter usually stays closed to keep what’s in your stomach from flowing back into your esophagus.

Stomach. After food enters your stomach, the stomach muscles mix the food and liquid with digestive juices. The stomach slowly empties its contents, called chyme, into your small intestine.

Small intestine. The muscles of the small intestine mix food with digestive juices from the pancreas, liver, and intestine, and push the mixture forward for further digestion. The walls of the small intestine absorb water and the digested nutrients into your bloodstream. As peristalsis continues, the waste products of the digestive process move into the large intestine.

Large intestine. Waste products from the digestive process include undigested parts of food, fluid, and older cells from the lining of your GI tract. The large intestine absorbs water and changes the waste from liquid into stool. Peristalsis helps move the stool into your rectum.

Rectum. The lower end of your large intestine, the rectum, stores stool until it pushes stool out during a bowel movement.

7) Enzymes are catalysts that, within the mild conditions of temperature, pH, and pressure of the cells, carry out chemical reactions at amazing high rate. They are characterized by a remarkable efficiency and specificity. Substrates are the substances on which enzymes act.