Question

tables or websites CHAPTER SUMMARY QUESTIONS Which of the three nutrients provides the major source of energy for the following activid • Running a marathon Lifting a heavy box in one attempt • A 50-meter sprint in swimming 2. Name and describe three physiological functions that change during acute exercise: 3. Name and describe three physiological functions that change during chronic exercise: 4. Name three negative effects of physical inactivity on the cardiovascular, muscular, or skeletal system. For each, briefly describe how each could hinder performance in some type of physical activity setting (e.g., work, sports, activities of daily living):

Answer 1

1.

• Running a marathon : Preferred energy fuel for the muscles is glucose. In case of marathon carbohydrate and fat primary source of energy with protein contributing minimal amount.
• Lifting a heavy box in one attempt : Buildings a muscle contraction most needed nutrients and energy sources are calcium, iron, vitamin -C, D, B12.
• A 50 meter sprint in swimming : Protein , healthy fats (olive oil , nuts , seeds), vegetable , fruit, mineral.

2.Physiological changes during acute exercise :

​​​​​​​An acute physiological response refers an immediate response change one or more during exercise .

• Increases heart rate.
• Increase muscle hypertrophy.
• Increase insulin sensitivity .
• Increase mitochondrial biogenesis.

3.Physiological change during chronic exercise :

​​​​​​​Chronic refers to long term response change during exercise .

• Increase lung volume.
• Increase plasma blood volume .
• Increase synthesis and released dopamine.

4.Three negative effects of physical inactivity :

• Cardiovascular -----Cardiovascular consist heart and blood vessels. Heart is made of by muscle like other muscle of the body . due to physical inactivity heart muscle is atrophy.Blood vessel become thick and flexible.
• Musculoskeletal system ----- Muscle become atrophy and bone developed osteoporesis .

In case of work, sports , activities of daily living during this time a person busy for these particular activities .So those are hinders the physical activity. All activities or exercise not done during this time.