Question

Explain in your own words the meaning of each of the following words.

Discuss how they are related to the concepts of gas exchange. (At least one full page.) Ischemia Infarction Anoxia

Answer 1

Ans) Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located in the walls of the alveoli.

- Ischemia is insufficient blood flow to provide adequate oxygenation. This, in turn, leads to tissue hypoxia (reduced oxygen) or anoxia (absence of oxygen). If the hypoxic state is prolonged, cellular death may occur. Ischemia can also lead to ischemic pain.

- Infarction is tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area. It may be caused by artery blockages, rupture, mechanical compression, or vasoconstriction. The resulting lesion is referred to as an infarct (from the Latin infarctus, "stuffed into").

- AAnoxia is an extreme form of hypoxia. Hypoxia occurs when one part of a person's body, such as the brain, can only obtain a reduced amount of oxygen. Anoxia occurs when the body does not get any oxygen. This may result in a hypoxic-anoxic injury.