Question

Base on the pathophysiology of primary hypertension is it associated with or are there any correlation? any of these:

Acute kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, anemia,

Nonrheumatic aortic (valve) insufficiency hypercholesterolemia,

Osteoarthritis,

What body system you will asess?

PVD, pleural effusion and pulmonary hypertension? if yes how?

Answer 1

Primary hypertension is increased blood pressure which have no clear cause and is associated with genetics, poor diet and other lifestyle factors.

• acute kidney disease, chronic kidney disease. There is reduced or loss of function of kidneys whether suddenly or over a period of time. : primary hypertension may cause acute and chronic kidney disease as high blood pressure causes narrowing, weakening and hardening of arteries that supply to kidneys. Therefire with time , blood supply to kidneys is compromised.
• anemia: some studies have correlated primary hypertension with anemia but the mechanism is not clear.
• non rheumatic aortic valve insufficiency can cause hypertension as incompetent valve will not let the complete flow of blood to aorta and there will be backward flow of blood in left ventricle causing congestive heart failure that will cause primary hypertension as a result of blood pooling in peripheral vasculature.
• hypercholestrolemia can lead to deposition of cholestrol plague in coronary arteries causing myocardial infarction. It will lead to heart failure and subsequent pooling of blood in peripheral vasculature and cause high BP
• osteoarthritis : there is no association
• cardiovascular system will be assessed for primary hypertension.
• peripheral vascular disease: high blood pressure causes hardening of arteries that supply blood from peripheral organs like legs and arms to heart. This leads to occurence of peripheral vascular disease.
• pleural effusion: it is the accumulation of fluid in two layers of pleural membranes. As primary hypertension may result in pulmonary hypertension that will cause fluid to accumulate because of hydrostatic pressure.