Question

List common causes of fluid volume deficit and fluid volume overload. In a chart format, provide the assessment findings that constitute a patient with Fluid deficit (hypovolemia) vs. Fluid overload (hypervolemia).

1. What health challenges does your patient face? (Please give more than one). - (This is not a list of their symptoms, but critical elements that will cause/place the pt. a risk for a global problem, ex; pt. is immobile, NPO, and incontinent – one of the global issue here is r/t skin )
2. What on-going assessments and monitoring does your patient require related to their health challenges? (ie both inpatient and outpatient)
3. What education does your patient need at this time? (This could be new medications, new procedures, new way of living? Think about what the pt. will need once they are discharged as well) How do you plan to effectively provide this education?
4. What is your patient’s primary (priority) nursing diagnosis? (must place all three components of a nursing diagnosis for full points)
   a. Why does this take priority?
5. What nursing actions will you take in providing care to your patient? (Please think about the patient holistically. This should be a fairly comprehensive list. Include all necessary interventions related to the primary diagnosis, must be measurable and specific).

Answer 1

Fluid volume deficit is also known as hypovolimia , is a state of decreased intravascular volume in the body. The cause may be as follows, osmotic diuresis, impaired kidney function, vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating, burns, hyperventilation, acute pancreatitis , intestinal obstruction, increase in vascular permeability, hypoalbuminemia, blood loss... these are the some of the causes which leads to hypovolemia. The assessment finding dry mouth and tongue, sunken eyes, extreme thirst, less frequent urination, dark colored urine, fatigue, dizziness, confusion.. extreme levels of hypovolenia will lead to hypovolimic shock.

Excessive fluid is known as hypervolimia, this is the condition of having too much water in the body. The causes are heart failure, cirrhosis, kidney failure, nephrotic syndrome, premenstrual edema, these are some of the causes. The signs and symptoms swelling which is called as edema mostly often in the feet, wrists, and face. Discomfort in the body, causing cramping, headache, and stomach bloating, since there is excessive fluid in the blood stream there will be hypertension, dypsnea due to excessive fluid in the lungs, irregular heart rate, electrolyte imbalance, ...