Homework Answers
Sodium iodide provides iodide ion. Iodide ion acts as a nucleophile and attacks alkyl bromide or alkyl chloride. The ease with which sodium iodide provides iodide ion depends on solvent polarity. In more polar solvents such as 1-bromohexane, sodium iodide is soluble. Hence, it can ionise to give iodide ions. In non polar solvents such as petroleum ether or 1-hexene, sodium iodide has low solubility. Hence, it ionizes to a little extent to provide iodide ions.
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In a Sodium Iodide Test, why are the reaction rates in the following order Petroleum ether-...
A. Explain why an Sn2 reaction between ethyl methyl ether and sodium iodide is not favored...
A. Explain why an Sn2 reaction between ethyl methyl ether and sodium iodide is not favored but an sn2 reaction between diethyl ether and hydrogen iodide is more favorable. B. Explain why the major product of either reaction is not ethene, even with heating
Explain briefly, why neither an SNI nor SN2 reaction between diethyl ether and sodium iodide is...
Explain briefly, why neither an SNI nor SN2 reaction between diethyl ether and sodium iodide is favored but an SN2 reaction between diethyl ether and hydrogen iodide is favorable. 3.
Two unknown compounds were tested in a sodium iodide in acetone test and a silver nitrate...
Two unknown compounds were tested in a sodium iodide in acetone test and a silver nitrate in ethanol test. The observations of these tests are given below. Use structures A-E to the right to answer the following questions. Given these observations, what are the identities of Unknowns 1 and 2? Unknown 1 Unknown 2 Do you except reaction of bromobenzene (B) in the silver nitrate in ethanol test to be fast, slow or nonreactive? Why? Do you except Structure E...
The original mixture contains petroleum ether, 1-hexene, and 1-bromohexane in a 1:1:1 ratio. Petroleum ether has...
The original mixture contains petroleum ether, 1-hexene,
and 1-bromohexane in a 1:1:1 ratio.
Petroleum ether has the lowest boiling point range of
40-60ºC and the lower boiling point compounds travel through the
column faster than the higher boiling point compounds. 1-hexene
would have the second highest retention time with its boiling point
of 63ºC and 1-bromohexane would have the lowest with a boiling
point of 143ºC.
i) Draw the FID spectrum for the original mixture (you will not
know the...
A. What is the best procedure to prepare isopropyl methyl ether (CH)CHOCH? a. isopropyl iodide and...
A. What is the best procedure to prepare isopropyl methyl ether (CH)CHOCH? a. isopropyl iodide and NaOCH, b. isopropyl iodide and methanol c. methyl iodide and KOCH(CH) d. methyl iodide and (CH).CHOH B. Which alkyl halide would be most reactive in an S2 reaction? сн, a. (CHC-CHCI b d. B. What is the order of increasing reactivity for the following nucleophiles (least first)? Cно Н.О CH CO CHS Which is not a polar aprotic solvent? C. ь. снCN с. снон...
Which of the following represents the transition state of the rate-determining step in the reaction between...
Which of the following represents the transition state of the rate-determining step in the reaction between 2-bromopropane and sodium methoxide leading to crimination? 1 2 3 4 Which of the following represents the transition state of the reaction between methyl iodide and ammonia? 1 2 3 4 What is the major product formed upon treatment of (R) 2-bromohexane with sodium cyanide? (R) 2-cyanohexane (S) 2-cyanohexane 1-hexene 2-hexene
Lab: Grignard Reaction - Triphenylmethanol Why was the petroleum ether used to remove the biphenyl from...
Lab: Grignard Reaction - Triphenylmethanol Why was the petroleum ether used to remove the biphenyl from the product? Apparently, it does not dissolve triphenylmethanol. (Explain in 3-4 Sentences)
3. An alkyl halide is reacted with sodium iodide and sodium chloride in separate test tubes....
3. An alkyl halide is reacted with sodium iodide and sodium chloride in separate test tubes. The rate was the same in both experiments. Is this an Syl or an SN2 reaction? How would you know? 4. Why is sodium iodide used as a solution in acetone in these experiments instead of a solution in water? 5. Will the reaction below be Spl or Sn2? Show the mechanism.
1. In both the sodium iodide test and the silver nitrate test, why does 2-bromobutane react faster...
1. In both the sodium iodide
test and the silver nitrate test, why does 2-bromobutane react
faster than 2-chlorobutane?
Bromine is a better leaving group since it is a weaker base than
chlorine is.
2. a. Why does benzyl chloride react under both
SN1 and SN2 conditions?
Benzyl
chloride is a primary alkyl halide, hence reactive under SN2
conditions.
The
primary carbocation formed due to the departure of Cl- is
stabilized by the pi electrons in the benzene ring.
b. Why is...
Rank the SN1 reaction rates for the following compounds: Rank the SN1 reaction rates for the following compounds: fastes...
Rank the SN1 reaction rates
for the following compounds:
Rank the SN1 reaction rates for the following compounds: fastest rate slowest rate iodomethane 2-iodo-2-methylhexane 1-iodo-2-methylhexane 3-iodo-2-methylhexane
Explain briefly, why neither an SNI nor SN2 reaction between diethyl ether and sodium iodide is favored but an SN2 reaction between diethyl ether and hydrogen iodide is favorable. 3.
Two unknown compounds were tested in a sodium iodide in acetone test and a silver nitrate in ethanol test. The observations of these tests are given below. Use structures A-E to the right to answer the following questions. Given these observations, what are the identities of Unknowns 1 and 2? Unknown 1 Unknown 2 Do you except reaction of bromobenzene (B) in the silver nitrate in ethanol test to be fast, slow or nonreactive? Why? Do you except Structure E...
The original mixture contains petroleum ether, 1-hexene,
and 1-bromohexane in a 1:1:1 ratio.
Petroleum ether has the lowest boiling point range of
40-60ºC and the lower boiling point compounds travel through the
column faster than the higher boiling point compounds. 1-hexene
would have the second highest retention time with its boiling point
of 63ºC and 1-bromohexane would have the lowest with a boiling
point of 143ºC.
i) Draw the FID spectrum for the original mixture (you will not
know the...
A. What is the best procedure to prepare isopropyl methyl ether (CH)CHOCH? a. isopropyl iodide and NaOCH, b. isopropyl iodide and methanol c. methyl iodide and KOCH(CH) d. methyl iodide and (CH).CHOH B. Which alkyl halide would be most reactive in an S2 reaction? сн, a. (CHC-CHCI b d. B. What is the order of increasing reactivity for the following nucleophiles (least first)? Cно Н.О CH CO CHS Which is not a polar aprotic solvent? C. ь. снCN с. снон...
Which of the following represents the transition state of the rate-determining step in the reaction between 2-bromopropane and sodium methoxide leading to crimination? 1 2 3 4 Which of the following represents the transition state of the reaction between methyl iodide and ammonia? 1 2 3 4 What is the major product formed upon treatment of (R) 2-bromohexane with sodium cyanide? (R) 2-cyanohexane (S) 2-cyanohexane 1-hexene 2-hexene
3. An alkyl halide is reacted with sodium iodide and sodium chloride in separate test tubes. The rate was the same in both experiments. Is this an Syl or an SN2 reaction? How would you know? 4. Why is sodium iodide used as a solution in acetone in these experiments instead of a solution in water? 5. Will the reaction below be Spl or Sn2? Show the mechanism.
1. In both the sodium iodide
test and the silver nitrate test, why does 2-bromobutane react
faster than 2-chlorobutane?
Bromine is a better leaving group since it is a weaker base than
chlorine is.
2. a. Why does benzyl chloride react under both
SN1 and SN2 conditions?
Benzyl
chloride is a primary alkyl halide, hence reactive under SN2
conditions.
The
primary carbocation formed due to the departure of Cl- is
stabilized by the pi electrons in the benzene ring.
b. Why is...
Rank the SN1 reaction rates
for the following compounds:
Rank the SN1 reaction rates for the following compounds: fastest rate slowest rate iodomethane 2-iodo-2-methylhexane 1-iodo-2-methylhexane 3-iodo-2-methylhexane
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