Question

Show that the average intensity of the Suns disk as seen from a distance D from the Suns center is given by P/ (4π2T2), where the total radiant power output is P (joules per second) and the solar radius is r. For simplicity, assume that the Suns intensity I is the same at all points on the visible disk. You will need to derive an exact expression for the solid angle subtended by the Suns disk for R > r. Note that your final solution for I should not depend on R! No matter how far you are from the sun, the intensity is the same. Recognizing that energy is conserved, how is it possible that this is true? Give a qualitative explanation.

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