Question

1. As a nurse, how will you educate an older adult patient that has physiological changes related to aging? (5 points) 2. A patient with a 30 year 1 ppd history of smoking was admitted to your unit because of shortness of breath. The patient has history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patient was wheezing. What factors that may affect gas changes on this patient? (5 points) 3. A patient was diagnosed with respiratory failure. She was on a mechanical ventilator and ended up having a tracheostomy. Formulate a care plan for this patient by giving at least one actual nursing problem or potential risk (nursing diagnoses). Your care plan should include the following: (10 points) a. Assessment (subjective and objective data) b. Problem focused nursing diagnoses (use NANDA approved nursing diagnosis) c. Pathophysiology d. Nursing Outcomes- needs to be measurable and have a definite time frame e. Nursing Intervention f. Rationale g. Evaluation.

Answer 1

Health promotion is an important activity throughout life span.One of the greatest challenges is to dispel misconception about health.It is important for the nurse to understand normal physiological changes that occur with age and to know how to adapt strategies to accomodate normal changes.

1. Teaching focus on illness and disease management as chronic illness become more prevalent after 5th or 6th decades of life.

2. Educate regarding Health test and Screening

• Routine physical examination annually for females and every 2 to 3years for male
• Immunization as recommended such as tetanus booster every 10years ,influenza and pnemococcal vaccine.
• Regular dental assessment
• Breast self examination
• Testicular examination
• Screening for cardiovascular disease such as BP, ECG, and cholesterol as directed by physician
• Sreening for colorectal,breast ,cervical,uterine and prostate cancer

3. Safety

• Keeping hall ways and stair ways lighted and uncluttered
• Using smoke detectors,no skid mats and hand rails in the bath rooms

4. Nutrition and exercise

• Importance of adequate proteim, calcium and vitamin D
• Nutrional and ecervise factors that may lead to cardiovadcular disease
• Exercise more than 30 minutes 5 times per week which reduce obesity, cholesterol and prevention of stroke and cardiovacular disorder

5. Social interaction

• Encourage discussion of feeling, concern and fears.