Question

Discuss characteristics of a qualitative design (please describe with a minimum
of five supporting details).

Simibrly, there is concem that nurses using an EWS may become which were expected to last appraximately 10 min each All inter- reliant an a score instead af using assessment skuills and critcal views were canducted in a private canference room at the hospital hinking to determine patent condition and the need far interven and were digitally recarded. Observation and feld nates kept by the tion (McGaughey et 2017 Osbone Dauglas Reid Jones, &interviewer documented participant expressions and body language Garner, 2015) Participants were askked to respand to two questions (1) xphin Embedding an electronic EWS in the EHR and enhancing its haw the enhanced EWS had an impact on their nusing practice and functionality to support nurse warkflow and criticall thinking may provide amy additiani feedback abaut the enhanced EWS fadlitate earlier idenffication clinicall decision-making and timely Demographic infarmation was collected at the end of the interview response to early signs af clinial deteriaratian Previous research has examined the impact of an EWS in an EHR: hawever, it has not addressed system imitations or the concens expressed by critics lmproving 타iR functionality with an enhanced EWS that not only Institutional review bard (IRB) approval was obtained from the IRB provides nurses with a soore but asopravides todls to support committee of the study hospita. Parficipants consented to take part timely recognition and appropriate inteventian far early signs of in the research after being provided with detailed written and verta clinica deterioration is navel and its impact on nursing practice is infarmatian about partipation Parficipant anonymity was empha unknown Findings fram this study will being used to further develop sized The digitaly recarded interviews were processed anany- nd refine EHR functionality to best suppart the use af an enhanced mously, and recordings were accessible oly to the re searchers Al EWS in nusing practice. 2.5 Ethical considerations data will be stared in a passward protected folder on the princip investigators enaypted computer for 6 years required by the 2 I THE STUDY 2.1 | Ainm The aim af this study was to explare the experiences of nurses who For qualitative analysis researchers used an iterative pracess to anal- had used an enhanced EWS to determine if σ how it had an impact yse responses to the interview questions. As a goup, the research. on their practice. The research question posed wa๕ How does the ers listened todigital recordings of the interviews and identified and use af an entanced EWS impact nursing pactice? 26 | Data analysis coded keywords and/or phrases. Next codes were evaluated and ategorized. Themes were chasen by cambining andgrouping codes, nd thematic analysis was canducted to differentiate collective fram ndividual themes. Fially, connections between the ategories were 22 | Design This quaitative study used a descriptive phenamenalogicd method established and the goup determined the hierarchy among the cate- abgy (Lopez & Willis 2004) and interview tool to explare percep garies Interviewer notes memoingl which documented participants tions of medical surgical and telemetry nrses who had used an expressians and bady language, were ako reviewed and considered enhanced EWS in their nursing practice n the context of interview responses 2.3 | Sample and participants 2.7 Validity, reliability and rigour Purposive sampling was used to recruit Registered Nurses RN To assure igour, Lincoln and Gubo's (1985) criteria for trustworthi- fram a community haspital where the enhanced EWS had been ness were used. Credibility was addres sed using member checks and implemented. Staff nurses pr marily assigned to medical, surgica σ a broad perspective, which areated a diverse representation of indi- telemety units and nursing supervisars who campleted the arn viduls fram the target population tbking into considerafon age training on the enhanced EWS were included in the study. Staff years of nursing experience and highest degree obtained. To asure nurses primarily ssgned to other units and/or who did not attend confirmability, the reseach team reviewed transcripts together the orginal enhanced EWS training and adanced practices nurses maintained an audit trail and used an iterative process to reflect an nd nan-direct care nurses enurse managers, are managers) were themes and to develop the conceptusl madel Context, participant excluded fram the study. The sample sze of 25 RNs (Table 1) as chaacteristics and processes for data collection and aalysis were based an data saturation Rearuitment was done through e-mais and dearly described, and direct quotations fram the interviews were presented to alow the readers to discem the pattems iden fified dur- ng data anlysis and to promote trans feability. To prevent bias nterviews were conducted according to the study protocal by a sin- e trained interviewer who had no previous knawledge af ar expe 24 | Data collection interviews were “nducted in September 2015 using a sermstruc- ence with the enhanced EWS An external audit was used to ensure tured farmat. A scripted interview pratocol guided the inters dependability.

Answer 1

Qualitative research design

Qualitative studies describes the qualities and and characteristics of something. Qualitative research designs or the methodologies contribute a big deal to growing science and other disciplines. These type of studies can give the details about human behaviour, emotion and personality that a quantitative studies can't do.

Characteristics

1. Flexible and Elastic : a defining characteristic of qualitative research design is its flexibility. For example untill a group discussion progress the moderator won't have an idea that which topical areas to focus more than others. The goal of the observer is to be subtle and adptable as possible to capture the truth of the observed events.

2. Emerge as study advances: the design will be more clear only once the study advances

3. Active involvement of researcher : qualitative research places the researcher at the center of the data collection stage. For a thorough analysis and in depth exploration, the closeness of the researcher to the study participants is needed. It may leads to bias and subjectivity to the study.

4. Data collection involve multiple strategies: Data collection involves interview, observation, group discussion document analysis and archival data.

5. Holistic : qualitative studies take in depth, holistic, or rounded approach to events/ case studies and issues.

6. Ongoing data analysis : a special class of analytical skills should be there in the researcher of qualitative study, where context, social interaction, and numerous other inter connected variables contribute to the realities. A messy ongoing data analysis is needed in qualitative research design.

7. Phases of qualitative research design involves:

orientation and overview ( first stage of qualitative research enables the researcher to plan further. In this phase researcher assumes the type of information that is going to explore from the study.)

Focused exploration ( in depth exploration of choosen phenomena is carried out. Questions are constructed and asked, to a variety of people, based on the understanding from first phase.)

Confirmation and closure ( make sure the findings are trust worthy. The study closes with participants contribution about the truthfulness and authenticity of findings.)