ATI Ch. 37
Active Learning Template: System Disorder
Hemodynamic Shock: Priority Intervention for Hypovolemic Shock
(Fill in the boxes)
ALTERATION IN HEALTH- HEMODYNAMIC SHOCK-HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK)
Shock is defined as a state of cellular and tissue hypoxia due to reduced oxygen delivery or increased oxygen consumption or inadequate oxygen utilization.This is most commonly occurs when there is circulatory failure manifested as hypotension.
Hypovolemic shock can be caused by any disorder that that causes volume depletion of the intravascular space.The patients with hypovolemic shock are initially are able to compensate for the decreased stroke volume with compensatory increase in heart rate and systemic vascular resistance.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The human body responds to a blood loss and hypovolemic state by the following systems
The hematologic system respond by activating coagulation and contracting the bleeding vessels.Platelets are activated and form an immature clot on the bleeding source.The damaged vessels exposes collagen,which cause fibrin deposition and stabilization of clot.
The cardio vascular system initially responds by increasing the heart rate ,myocardial contractility and constricting peripheral blood vessels.This response occur secondary to an increased release of nor epinephrine and decreased baseline vagal tone.It also responds by redistributing blood to the brain,heart and kidneys and away from skin muscles and GI tract.
Renal system responds by stimulating an increase in renin secretion. Renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1,which is subsequently converted in to angiotensin 2 by lungs and liver.It help to reverse hemorrhagic shock,vasoconstriction of anterior smooth muscles and stimulation of aldosterone secretion .Aldosterone is responsible for active sodium re absorption and subsequent water conservation.
The neuro endocrine system responds by causing an increase in ADH due to low BP and decrease in sodium concentration.ADH indirectly leads to an increased re absorption of water and salt.
These mechanisms effective in maintaining vital organ perfusion in severe blood loss and hypovolemia
HEALTH PROMOTION & DISEASE PREVENTION
For prevention of hypovolemic shock the following must be implemented
RISK FACTORS
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
If you observe a person experiencing shock symptoms
LABORATORY TESTS
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
MANAGEMENT
NURSING MANAGEMENT
COMPLICATIONS
ATI Ch. 37 Active Learning Template: System Disorder Hemodynamic Shock: Priority Intervention for Hypovolemic Shock (Fill...
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