Question

1. In methodological articles, authors

a. trace the development of a theory, or analyze existing theory, pointing out flaws or demonstrating the advantage of one theory over another
b. report original research and typically organize their articles into distinct sections that reflect the research process: introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion
c. present new methodological approaches or modifications of existing methods to the community of researchers
d. report case materials obtained while working with an individual, a group, a community, or an organization

2. The introduction to a research paper presents the specific problem to be studied and the research strategy. A good introduction includes

A. participant or subject characteristics
B. flow of participants through the study
C. rationale for hypotheses and objectives of the study as well as
any links to theory   
D. sources of potential bias

3. In which section of a manuscript does the author describe how the study was conducted?
A. Abstract
B. Results
C. Method
D. Discussion
E. Introduction

4. Journal article reporting standards, or JARS, were developed to provide uniform reporting standards that make it easier to
A. generalize across fields
B. understand the implications of individual studies
C. allow meta-analysis techniques to proceed efficiently
D. Do all of the above

5. Which of the following formats is correct for a paper with four levels of heading?

   Experiment 1: Self-Concept Threat Weakens

Positive Associations With Self-Face

Method

        Participants.

        Stimuli and procedure.

        Priming procedure.

        Implicit Association Test procedure.

   Experiment 1: Self-Concept Threat Weakens

Positive Associations With Self-Face

Method

        Participants.

        Stimuli and procedure.

        Priming procedure.

        Implicit Association Test procedure.

   Experiment 1: Self-Concept Threat Weakens

Positive Associations With Self-Face

Method

        Participants.

        Stimuli and procedure.

        Priming procedure.

        Implicit Association Test procedure.

6. In APA Style, when discussing the implications of results and presenting conclusions, use the
A. past tense
B. present perfect tense
C. future tense
D. present tense

7. The continuous use of technical vocabulary in places in which it is not relevant is referred to as
A. redundancy
B. wordiness
C. jargon
D. colloquial expression

8. In the following examples, choose the one that best demonstrates APA Style for bias-free language.
A. Universal screening is a principal means of identifying at-risk
children.
B. With regard to interpersonal behavior, the borderlines were
more submissive and quarrelsome than the nonclinical
comparison group.
C. The participants were 104 Argentinian chess players.
D. Research scientists often neglect their wives and children.

9. Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of bias-free language in APA Style?
A. To determine the appropriate words to describe a group, ask   
your participants which designation they prefer, especially   
when these designations are debated in groups.
B. Use language that portrays individuals taking part in a study
as passive recipients of the experiment.
C. When describing participants in an experiment, it is acceptable
to categorize people according to their disease or disability,
such as the schizophrenics.
D. None of the above is true.

10. Select the correct use of the comma according to APA Style rules for punctuation.
A. Barber, Crits-Christoph, Grenyer and Diguer (2006a) wrote a
tribute to Lester Bernard Lutrovsky.
B. One finding, that has been replicated a number of times, however,
in the United States is that self-identification as American is
markedly higher in non-Hispanic Whites than in ethnic minority
groups (e.g., Devos & Banaji, 2005; Tsai, Mortensen,
Wong, & Hess, 2002).   
C. The findings were statistically different, F(4, 132) = 13.62, p < .001.
D. None of the above is a correct use of the comma

11. Which of the following should be capitalized according to APA Style guidelines?
A. names of theories, statistical procedures, or hypotheses
B. major words in the title of an article in a reference list
C. names of conditions or groups in an experiment
D. major words in titles of books and articles within the body   
of the paper

12. Which of the following examples shows the correct use of numbers in APA Style?
A. Rats pretreated with 5- or 8-mg/kg doses or 10- or 12-mg/kg
doses did not differ from the control group.
B. The students complete the examination in 2 hr.
C. Seventy-five percent of the participants showed positive change; 4%
showed no change.
D. The study lasted about five months.
E. All of the above

13. Which of the following describes the primary purpose of most graphical displays in scientific publishing?
A. storage
B. decoration
C. calculation
D. communication

14. Which of the following is a good table title in APA Style?
A. Psychometric Properties of the Major Study Variables
B. Psychometric Properties of the Dispositional, Social Support,
Social Conflict, and Postabortion Variables
C. Psychometric Properties

15. A figure caption serves as an explanation of the figure and as a figure title. It should be placed
A. within the figure
B. above the figure
C. below the figure
D. on a separate page at the end of the manuscript

16. Choose the correct format for citing two or more works together in text.
A. (Kingdon, Tyrer, Seivewright, Ferguson, & Murphy, 1996;
Jacobson & Hollon, 1996)
B. (Knight, Virdin, Ocampo, & Roosa, 1994; Roberts & Sobhan,1992; Roberts & Chen, 1995)
C. (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2001; see also Adams, 2008; Marshall, 2005)
D. (Crockett, Randall, Shen, Russell, & Driscoll, 2005; Kleinman, 2010, 1995; Good, DelVecchio, & Moradi, 1982; Ware & Kleinman, 1992).

17. Choose the correct statement about citing private letters, memos, and some electronic communications (e.g., e-mail messages from nonarchived discussion groups of electronic bulletin boards) in APA Style.
A. Cite them in text and include them in the reference list.
B. Cite them in text only.
C. Cite them in text, including month, day, and year, and do not   
include them in the reference list.
D. Cite only the year in text and do not include them in the
reference list.

18. Which of the following statements are true regarding electronic sources and locator information?
A. Include the same elements, in the same order, as you would with
a print source, adding as much electronic retrieval information as
needed to enable the reader to locate the source.   
B. Provide the digital object identifier (DOI) if one has been assigned
to the content. When there is a DOI, no further retrieval
information is needed.
C. It is preferable to cite the archival or final version of a source.
D. All of the above.
E. None of the above

19. Choose the correct format for a journal article with a DOI and more than seven authors.

A. Hamilton, D. A., Akers, K. G., Johnson, T. E., Rice, J. P., Candelaria, F. T., Sutherland, R. J.,… Redhead, E. S. (2008). The relative influence of place and direction in the Morris water task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 34, 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.34.1.31

B. Hamilton, D. A., Akers, K. G., Johnson, T. E., Rice, J. P., Candelaria, F. T., Sutherland, R. J., et al. (2008). The relative influence of place and direction in the Morris water task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 34, 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0097-7403.34.1.31

C. Hamilton, D. A., Akers, K. G., Johnson, T. E., Rice, J. P., Candelaria, F. T.,Sutherland, R. J., ….(2008). The relative influence of place and direction in the Morris water task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 34, 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1037/0097-7403.34.1.31

D. Hamilton, D. A., Akers, K. G., Johnson, T. E., Rice, J. P., Candelaria, F. T., Sutherland, R. J., Weisend, M. P., & Redhead, E. S. (2008). The relative influence of place and direction in the Morris water task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 34, 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1037/0097-7403.34.1.31

20. APA Style includes the following specifications for manuscript formatting. Select all that apply.
A. Use a serif typeface, such as Times New Roman, with 12-point font size, for the text of your manuscript, tables, and figure captions.
B. Double-space all text in the manuscript, after every line in the
title, headings, footnotes, quotations, references, and figure
captions. Never use single-spacing or one-and-a-half spacing.
C. It is possible to apply triple- or quadruple-spacing in certain circumstances, such as before and after an equation.
D. The correct order of manuscript pages is title page, abstract,
beginning of text, tables, figures, references, and appendix

Answer 1

1. In methodological articles, authors

b. report original research and typically organize their articles into distinct sections that reflect the research process: introduction, Method, Results, and Discussion, The methodology body of practices, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline or engage in an inquiry; a set of working methods: the methodology of genetic studies; a poll marred by faulty methodology. The study or theoretical analysis of such working methods.It should explain what you did, with any refinements that you made as your work progressed. Again, it should have a clear academic justification of all the choices that you made and be linked back to the literature.

2. The introduction to a research paper presents the specific problem to be studied and the research strategy. A good introduction includes

C. rationale for hypotheses and objectives of the study as well as any links to theory   An introduction should announce your topic, provide context and a rationale for your work, before stating your research questions and hypothesis. Well-written introductions set the tone for the paper, catch the reader's interest, and communicate the hypothesis or thesis statement.

3. In which section of a manuscript does the author describe how the study was conducted?

A) abstract

An abstract summarizes, usually in one paragraph of 300 words or less, the major aspects of the entire paper in a prescribed sequence that includes: 1) the overall purpose of the study and the research problem(s) you investigated; 2) the basic design of the study; 3) major findings or trends found as a result of your analysis; and, 4) a brief summary of your interpretations and conclusions.

4. Journal article reporting standards, or JARS, were developed to provide uniform reporting standards that make it easier to

D. Do all of the above

Using these standards will make your research clearer and more accurate as well as more transparent for the reader.

For quantitative research, using the standards will increase the reproducibility of science.

For qualitative research, using these standards will increase the methodological integrity of your research.

5. Which of the following formats is correct for a paper with four levels of heading?

Experiment 1: Self-Concept Threat Weakens

Positive Associations With Self-Face

Method

        Participants.

        Stimuli and procedure.

        Priming procedure.

        Implicit Association Test procedure.  

6. In APA Style, when discussing the implications of results and presenting conclusions, use the
D. presnt tense

The APA manual discusses tense in the section on Smoothness of Expression on Page 65. The lit review of an APA style paper should be in past tense (The researchers found...) or present perfect (The researchers have shown...). The methodology should be in past tense if it has already happened. The results section of the paper should also be in past tense, and implications of the results and conclusions in present tense.

7. The continuous use of technical vocabulary in places in which it is not relevant is referred to as

C. jargon

Jargon is the continuous use of a technical vocabulary even in places where that vocabulary is not relevant. Jargon is also ... most troublesome, especially this, that, these, and those when they refer to a previous sentence.

13. Which of the following describes the primary purpose of most graphical displays in scientific publishing?

D. communication