Question

Determine how many protons, neutrons, and electrons a given atom (or ion) has, given its symbol, atomic number, and mass number (and vice versa) . Describe the relative mass, charge, and location of the three basic particles in the atom (a, B, Y) 4. State what isotope serves as the current standard for the atomic mass scale. 5. Explain why atomic masses of some elements (i.e., Cu, CI) are so far from whole numbers. Bfo glqibnhq 1916 Summarize the contributions made to our early understanding of atomic structure by: 6. Joseph J. Thompson b. a. Antoine Becquerel f. e. Robert A. Millikan Eugene Goldstein d. Ernest Rutherford С. g. Henry Mosley h. Niels Bohr James Chadwick 7. Describe the three important kinds of radiation emitted by radioactive substances. ALIV AT 8. Summarize Rutherford's gold-foil experiment and the conclusions that can be made from its outcome. Descriho tho oui n or orbits in

Answer 1

2) We can find the no.of protons, electron,and neutron.From the details of an atom mass number is the total number of protons and neutron present in it.For a neutral atom Atomic number gives the total number of proton or electron.And total number of sub-atomic particles are same for neutral atom.For an ion,no: electrons can find by substracting or adding the charge from atomic number.

3) Alpha particles are positively charged particles having mass equal to one Helium nucleus and found at the nucleus of an atom. But beta particles are negatively charged particles having mass equal to the mass of electron and they also found at the nucleus. Gamma particles are not particles but they are rays which arises from the nucleus of atom due to the atomic decay.

4)All the masses of elements are determined relative to CARBON 12. carbon exist as two isotopes. It is easy to calculate the atomic mass with carbon 12 isotope.which is 12 amu.and this process is called relative mass.

5) Some of the elements are do not have a whole number as their mass number.These elements contains isotopes in their mixture.For example chlorine gas contains chlorine 35 and chlorine 37 in 75% and 25% respectively. we are taking the average with abundance. This will give 35.5 as their mass mumber.

6) Joseph J Thomson- electrons and isotopes

    Robert A Millikkan- elementary charge

   Eugene Goldstein- protons

    James Chadwick- neutrons

   Antonie Becquerel- radio activity

    Ernest Rutherford- Atomic model

    Hentry Mosely- Atomic number

    Neil Bohr- Atomic model

7) Unstable atoms emits three kind of radiation due to the atomic decay .That are alpha,beta and gamma radiations. all of these are particles except gamma rays.they are evolve from nucleus. alpha rays are some kind particles having mass equal to the mass of one helium nucleus and having positive charge. they have low penetration power and ionizes the path to a greater extent.

but beta particles having mass equal to the mass of electron and have a negative charge.they have a high penetrating power than alpha rays.gamma radiations are some waves coming from nucleus due to the secondary disintegration and having greater penetrating power and have no charge

8) Ruther Ford bombarded positively charged particles to a gold thin foil.He found some findings which are most of the rays passes through the foil with out no deviation.and some of the rays passes with small deviation and a very few particles reflected. and the three conclutions are 1) most of the part of atom is empty 2) the atom consist a positive center where most of the mass of atom is situated there. 3) he named the center as nucleus.