Question

please fill out for dehydration

Pathophysiology related to Medical Diagnosis(es) (A statement of how normal physiology is altered by the disease process.) *Reference used: Usual Signs and Symptoms Possible Complications Thirst Actual Client Observations: Current Condition Condition on Admission

Answer 1

Dehydration is a state of negative fluid balance in the body. It consists of three stages;1) mild, 2) moderate and 3) severe.

There are three main types of dehydration:1. hypotonic (primarily a loss of electrolytes), 2.hypertonic (primarily loss of water), and 3. isotonic (equal loss of water and electrolytes). The most commonly seen in humans is isotonic.

Pathophysiology

Dehydration results from decreased intake, increased output or fluid shift (ascites, effusions, burns and sepsis). The decrease in total body water causes reductions in both the intracellular and extracellular fluid volumes. Clinical manifestations of dehydration are most closely related to intravascular volume depletion and the physiologic compensation attempts that takes place. As dehydration progresses, hypovolemic shock, resulting in organ failure and death.

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Reduced fluid intake or fluid loss Vomiting Burns Diarrhea Trauma/shock Fever Hemorrhage Hyperventilation Diabetes Sudden, rapid extracellular fluid (ECF) loss Imbalance in electrolytes Loss of intracellular fluid (ICF) Cellular dysfunction Hypovolemic shock Death

*Lennox H Huang, MD, FAAP, Cardiac Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Dec 07, 2018

Signs and symptoms

· Excessive thirst

· dry skin.

· Feeling dizzy.

· Muscle cramp

· Rapid heartbeat.

· Rapid breathing.

· Sunken eyes.

· Sleepiness, lack of energy, confusion or irritability.

· Fainting

Complications

· Hypovolemic shock

· Seizures

· Renal failure

· brain damage

· death