Question

how does epidemiology help in researching and addressing population health challenges? provide a specific contemporary example

Answer 1

Epidemiology is an important discipline for public health. It measures the agent and host and environment that cause disease. It analyzes the health status of those populations living in a particular area. It assesses the microorganism and specific agent how it impacts health that assessment tale place with policy level. If we consider macro organism it needs more, analyze and research that influence social, political, environmental condition, social determinants of health, work, education, culture and biological factors like sex, age. example: Barton and grant model as health determinants that emphasize the role of place and environment connection to health and wellbeing. Health impact assessment(HIA) influences in political, social, environmental factors and social determinants of health. It is multidisciplinary methods with different disciplines and the public. stakeholder contribution in HIA help to understand the environment in a broad sense. epidemiology provide evidence-based knowledge on health effects and risk factors within the different population. HIA process involves democracy, equity, the ethical value in decision making and policymaking process.
Cement kiln case evaluated by kemm and cooks for modified technology concern on the municipality that proposed HIA. HIA epidemiology evidence studies on air pollution and health assessed key pollutants and provided overall impact. It helps in this case to address the concern of the municipality.