Question

System Disorder for Anemia

1. Alterations in health( Diagnoses)

2. Patho related to the pts problem

3. Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

4. Risk Factors and Expected Findings

5. Laboratory Testing

6. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures

7. Nursing Care

8. Client Education

9. Medications

10. Complications

11. Interprofessional care

Answer 1

System Disorders for Anemia

1.      Alteration in health (diagnoses)

·         Fatigue related to decreased haemoglobin supply to cells as evidenced by tiredness, dizziness etc.

·         Altered nutritional status related to decreased intake of vitamins and minerals as evidenced by pale skin, weight loss and headache

2.       Patho related to the patients problem

Haemoglobin is a protein that supplies oxygen to all parts of the body. Anaemia is generally caused due to loss of blood from your body, destruction or decreased production of Red Blood Cells etc. Low blood level results in a low haemoglobin level which then leads to low oxygen level to your body.

3.       Health Promotion and disease prevention

·         Prevention

·         Early diagnosis of the disease

·         Proper treatment for the diagnosed Anemia

·         Proper rehabilitation methods

4.       Risk factors and expected findings

·         Low intake of vitamins minerals

·         Any disorders related to intestine, kidney, diabetes etc.

·         Menstrual problems such as - overflow or menopause

·         Pregnancy period

·         Hereditary

·         Age

·         Cancer

Expected findings or symptoms are:

·         Pallor or pale skin

·         Bleeding from nose

·         Weakness or fatigue

·         Breathing difficulty

·         Headaches, dizziness etc.

·         Increased heart rhythm

·         Cramps on leg

·         Lack of sleep

5.       Laboratory testing

·         Detailed physical examination

·         Blood work which includes Complete blood count analysis, Liver function tests, renal function tests, Iron binding capacity, Serum Folate, Serum Vitamin B12, Serum Vitamin c

·         Bone marrow aspiration examination

6.       Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures

·         Chest X-ray

·         Ultrasound

·         Computerized Tomography

·         Magnetic Resonance Imaging

7.       Nursing care

·         Hydration is very important. So Intravenous fluid administration as per doctors’ advice is important

·         Oxygen administration

·         Limb elevation in case of swellings

·         Encourage the client to eat iron-rich and folic acid rich foods such are green leafy vegetables, red meat, egg, citrus fruits etc.

·         Blood transfusion as per physicians advice

8.       Client education

·         Educate the client to include vitamin and mineral rich food such as

üIron-rich foods: red meat, legumes, green leafy vegetables

üVitamin C: citrus fruits, broccoli, berries

üVitamin B12: liver, organ meats, nuts

üFolic acid: fruits such as kiwi, multigrain such as rice, whole wheat etc.

9.       Medications

Identifying the underlying cause is fundamental in treating Anemia. Some medications used in this case are

·         Drugs such as Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, Folic acid

·         Multivitamins

·         Injection such as Iron Dextran

10.   Complications

·         Heart-related problems such as heart failure, heart murmur

·         Cognitive impairments like depression, memory impairments

·         Poor immune system

·         Restless leg syndrome

11.   Interprofessional care

·         Internal medicine physicians helps to identify the disease and can direct to the treatment options

·         Social workers can educate client with regard to the community resources avaialbe

·         Dietician can educate client regarding diet charts

·         Some other Interprofessional team collaboration includes Pharmacists, Nurses, Physiotherapist, etc.