Question

Please write 1 paragraph for each of the following (total 3 paragraphs) and each paragraph shall be no more than 6 sentences.

1. Discuss a women's health or men's health topic of interest to you. (Include condition, signs & symptoms, prevalence, incidence, treatment)

2. Do you know someone with the condition? If so, how is it being managed?

Answer 1


Polycystic ovary syndrome (Peos) - most common Endocrine disorder of reproductive age female affecting 4-12% female - PCOS is a Syndrome manifested by amenorrhoea) has hirsutism, obesity and enlarged ovaries.

PCOD- (Stein-Leventhal syndrome) Basic pathology-excessive androgen testosterone and androstenedione production by the ovary mainly and to lesser extent by adrenals Level of androgens are increased but less than 200 ng/ml Leads to hirsutism and acne Peripheral Follicular aromatisation atresia in adipose tissue Converted to estrogen = E, E,: E2 = 2:1 in PCOS Alters lipid profile of androstenedione TLDLI HDL it (seen in 70% cases) In future It can lead to heart disease TLH (estrogen has positive feedback on LH) Endometrial hyperplasia JFSH (estrogen has a negative feedback of FSH LH: FSH In PCOD-it is > 2:1 LH is tonically elevated throughout the cycle (Fig. 4.6) In future it can lead to endometrial cancer No LH surge Stimulates theca cells and causes theca cell hypertrophy In future it can lead to breast cancer PCOD as FSH is low it prevents adequate stimulation of aromatase activity within granulosa cells, thereby decreasing androgen conversion to estradiol in granulosa cells Anovulation † Androgen production Progesterone levels C/o = Infertility (seen in 120% cases) follicles appear here to cyst so multiple cyst are seen in ovary which get arranged around periphery of ovary giving a necklace pattern on USG Oligomenorrhea 2º amenorrhea Due unopposed estrogen patients can also complain of menometrorrhagia

O Diagnoud - Any two of following 3 criteria should be Bresent to diagnose Pcos (a) ovulatory dysfunction such as oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea (6) Clinical Chirsutism acne / alopecia) or biochemical evidence of hyperandjeogenismes testosterone between 70-150 ng/de)! (C) Polycystic ovarian morphology on USG scan defined Судан холи и 12 6% тохо бы ze : (2-9 mm) л» any ovary or both Treatment : ① First step is weight reduction. 2 women with Peos with regular Cycle interval and mild hyperandrogenism may choose not to be treated but in these women, Periodic screening for dyslipidemia , diabetes mellitus an 6 for obese women with Peos, mainly lifestyle chao focus on diet and exercise. mia diabetes mellitus andmetabolic Syndrome
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