Question

what is the Campinha-Bacote's model?

Answer 1

Campinha-Bacote's model

        Globalization has brought about tremendous changes to societies around the world. Increased immigration has led to increasing diversity among patients, making culturally congruent healthcare an absolute necessity. Like all healthcare fields, nursing is expected to adopt a global practice of culturally congruent care. Thus, nurses must acquire an in-depth understanding of cultural beliefs, practices, and differences, thus developing a practice of avoiding premature generalizations. As a result, many Cultural competence models has been aroused and Campinha-Bacote model is one of that.

          Campinha-Bacote model is also known as cultural competency in the delivery of healthcare services developed in 1988 to meet the challenges of providing health care to our growing multiethnic world. The model considers cultural competence not as a consequence brought about by certain factors, but as a process.

          According to Campinha-Bacote model, the concept of cultural competence can be defined as a process in which the nurse attempts to achieve greater efficiency and the ability to work in a culturally diverse environment while caring for the patient, whether an individual, a family, or a group. To achieve cultural competence, a nurse must undertake a process of developing the capacity to deliver efficient and high-quality care, a process that encompasses five components.

        This model views cultural competence as the ongoing process in which the health care provider continuously strives to achieve the ability to effectively work within the cultural context of the client (individual, family, community). This ongoing process involves the integration of cultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounters, and cultural desire.           

       The first involves cultural awareness, a process in which healthcare professionals consciously acknowledge their own cultural backgrounds, which helps them avoid biases toward other cultures. The second component is cultural skill, defined as the ability to obtain the necessary information from patients via culturally-appropriate conduct and physical assessment. The third component is cultural knowledge, a process in which healthcare professionals open their minds to understand variations in cultural and ethnic traits as they relate to patient attitudes toward illness and health. The fourth component is cultural encounter during which stereotyping is avoided through the interaction between healthcare professionals and members of different cultures. During this process, overreliance on conventional views is discouraged. The fifth and last component is cultural desire, which is the driving force for becoming educated, skilled, competent, and aware of culture; it also presumes a willingness to have transcultural interactions

    To wrap up, Cultural competence models including Campinha-Bacote model have enhanced nursing care delivery to diverse populations by providing a means to overcome difficulties and challenges when dealing with culturally diverse patients. Ultimately, cultural care models encourage culturally competent care for patients belonging to different cultures by helping nurses become more understanding and adaptive to various circumstances, and better able to apply culturally-focused interventions.