Explain in WORDS the metabolic changes of liver metabolism in an alcoholic patient. Your answer should...
Explain in WORDS the metabolic changes of liver metabolism in an alcoholic patient. Your answer should include the metabolism of glucose, lipids and amino acids in the body.
Homework Answers
The liver plays an important role in metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Excess alcoholism affects its metabolism in liver.
Alcohol increases the oxidative stress during metabolism and inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in liver. It can results in hypoglycemia especially when there occurs the depletion of glycogen stores or when alcohol is consumed without meals. liver releases stored glucose if blood glucose level falls. While consuming alcohol, the liver always process the alcohol first and can increase the risk of hypoglycemia.
Alcohol promotes fat accumulation in liver. Alcohol consumption leads to progressive alteration of mitochondria and it reduces the oxidation of fatty acids by interfering the citric acid cycle. Alcohol causes the esterification of accumulated fatty acids to triglycerides, cholesterol esters and phospholipids. These accumulated lipids are then released of in part of serum lipo proteins, resulting in moderate hypolipemia. The serum lipid values are an indicator of the progression of liver damage in alcoholic patients.
Liver plays a role in deamination and transamination of aminoacids and converts the non-nitrogenous parts into glucose or lipids. Hepatocytes synthesize most of the plasma proteins. Albumin is synthesized mainly in liver. Alcoholism results in alterations in amino acid metabolism in liver and other organs. Alcohol impairs the digestion of proteins to aminoacids and also affects the processing of aminoacids by the small intestine and liver. Alcohol also alters the levels of catecholamines and neurotransmitters and may contributes to hepatic encephalopathy.
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Explain in WORDS the metabolic changes of liver metabolism in an
alcoholic patient. Your answer should...
Metabolism in an Alcoholic Patient by Anneke M. Metz, Medical/Dental Education Preparatory Program (MEDPREP), Southern Illinois...
Metabolism in an Alcoholic Patient by Anneke M. Metz, Medical/Dental Education Preparatory Program (MEDPREP), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL A Tragic Finding: Part 1 - Hypoglycemia A 50-year old Asian woman was found breathing but unresponsive in her home. According to family members who called emergency services, she had been drinking alcohol continuously for two days. The patient had a history of chronic alcoholism and hepatitis-C. A fingerstick glucose test done by the paramedic returned a value...
In an anaerobic environment, the main function of alcoholic fermentation is (justify your answer a. Produce...
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Glucose oxidation rapidly adjusts to the dietary intake of carbohydrate. Which of these statements is true...
Glucose oxidation rapidly adjusts to the dietary intake of carbohydrate. Which of these statements is true regarding excess carbohydrate intake? Choose all that apply. Excess carbohydrates slanul the body to store amino acids Excess carbohydrates are stored as glycogen Excess carbohydrates trager the process of gluconeogenesis. Excess carbohydrates can be converted to fat. Match the term with the correct definition Synthesis of glycogen lyropeless Synthesis of fatty acids & triglycerides ketogenic amino acids Amino acids that can be used to...
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Please help and explain answers! 1. In a series of chemical reactions, glucose is first converted...
Please help and explain answers! 1. In a series of chemical reactions, glucose is first converted into __________. a) pyruvate b) glycerol c) acetyl CoA 2. In the process of glycose breaking down, hydrogen and electrons are carried by coenzymes made from the ___. a) B vitamin biotin b) B vitamin niacin c) vitamin thiamine 3. In the Cori Cycle, the conversion of lactate to glycose by anaerobic glycolysis in the muscle requires energy from ___________. a) acetyl CoA b)...
1. A patient presents in your surgery with an inability to maintain blood sugar levels in...
1. A patient presents in your surgery with an inability to maintain blood sugar levels in long periods (20 hours) between meals. Tests show that glucose is converted to lactate normally in liver in the well-fed state, and that pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase have normal activities in liver in periods between meals. Your colleague reminds you that glucagon stimulates glycogen degradation, so you administer glucagon to the patient (who was well fed prior to the test) and find that...
In lectures we have put together the pieces of the big picture, so now you know...
In lectures we have put together the pieces of the big picture, so now you know that carbohydrate metabolism and respiration of glucose is linked with fat metabolism and protein metabolism. You can see how they are all interconnected, and how one can turn into another, if not used for energy. On the metabolic map you can see how excess glucose can be turned into fat, excess amino acids can be turned into glucose or fat, and why fat cannot...
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Metabolism in an Alcoholic Patient by Anneke M. Metz, Medical/Dental Education Preparatory Program (MEDPREP), Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL A Tragic Finding: Part 1 - Hypoglycemia A 50-year old Asian woman was found breathing but unresponsive in her home. According to family members who called emergency services, she had been drinking alcohol continuously for two days. The patient had a history of chronic alcoholism and hepatitis-C. A fingerstick glucose test done by the paramedic returned a value...
In an anaerobic environment, the main function of alcoholic fermentation is (justify your answer a. Produce amino acids for protein synthesis b. Generate a proton gradient for the synthesis of ATP c. Oxidize glucose molecules to generate reduced electron carriers d. Generate alcohol and acetaldehyde e. Regenerate NAD from NADH so that glycolysis can continue
Glucose oxidation rapidly adjusts to the dietary intake of carbohydrate. Which of these statements is true regarding excess carbohydrate intake? Choose all that apply. Excess carbohydrates slanul the body to store amino acids Excess carbohydrates are stored as glycogen Excess carbohydrates trager the process of gluconeogenesis. Excess carbohydrates can be converted to fat. Match the term with the correct definition Synthesis of glycogen lyropeless Synthesis of fatty acids & triglycerides ketogenic amino acids Amino acids that can be used to...
1. A patient presents in your surgery with an inability to maintain blood sugar levels in long periods (20 hours) between meals. Tests show that glucose is converted to lactate normally in liver in the well-fed state, and that pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase have normal activities in liver in periods between meals. Your colleague reminds you that glucagon stimulates glycogen degradation, so you administer glucagon to the patient (who was well fed prior to the test) and find that...
In lectures we have put together the pieces of the big picture, so now you know that carbohydrate metabolism and respiration of glucose is linked with fat metabolism and protein metabolism. You can see how they are all interconnected, and how one can turn into another, if not used for energy. On the metabolic map you can see how excess glucose can be turned into fat, excess amino acids can be turned into glucose or fat, and why fat cannot...
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