Question

What are difference between acute respiratory failure and ARDS including perfusion and ventilation (match and mismatch) and normal versus abnormal Abg and nursing care?

Perfusion and ventilation (match and mismatch):

-what is ventilation-perfusion (v/q) mismatch?

-what are the cause and dead space?

-what is venous arterial shunts?

-what are diffusion defects?

-what is alteration of capillary membrane? What are the causes?

What are nursing care of patients with significant pulmonary compromise?

What are general findings of pulmonary embolism as it relates to respiratory failures?

Answer 1

Acute respiratory failure is a mismatch of ventilation with perfusion( VA/Q). the impairment of oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory failure is due to several pathological me. ventilation perfusion mismatch and dead space ventilation . according to severe of lung failure...in conditions ventilation ..the air that reaches the alveoli and perfusion is the blood that reaches the alveoli via capillary

term mismatch of ventilationwith perfusion is the used when the ventilation and perfusion of a gas exchanging unit are not match..

v/Q RATIO HEALTH LUNG IS A 0.8 AS NORMAL LUNG

ARTERIAL SHUT....... central venous arterial shunt is a essentially of the transfer of a proportion of the venous blood direct in to systemic arterial system without pulmonary passage

DIFFUSION DEFECTS....is inadequate oxygen movement between alveoli and capillary due to inflammation because accumulation of cell n enema

V/Q RATIO is highly in apex of the lung

and lower is base of lung

DEAD SPACE.... dead space is cause by ventilation/ perfusion mismatch at alveolar level...common cause of increases dead space is airway dieases ...smoking,bronchitis, emphysema and asthma..

alteration of capillary membrane...in conditions of left heart disease ..chronic increase in ppulmonary capillary wedge pressure result both in vascular alteration with increases pulmonary v resistance and progressive thickening of alveolar capillary membrane.