Question

cite at least two examples for which signs and symptoms of abuse of a particular substance cause radically different acute effects that are dose dependent

Answer 1

First example

Passive smoking: Dose dependent acute effects - A research study conducted to determine whether length of exposure 7 or ambient smoke concentration causes an impairment in left ventricular diastolic function. A total of 90 healthy non smokers volunteers were selected for the study.Among 30 of them subjected to Carbon Monoxide,less than 5.0ppm for 30 minutes.Another 30 exposed to the Carbon Monoxide, 5.0ppm-10.00 pm for 30 minutes. The last group exposed to CO, less than 5.0ppm for 60 minutes. Hemodynamic parameters wee obtained. Results showed that increased length of exposure and ambient smoke concentration causes impairment in left ventricular diastolic function.

Here the dose dependent acute effects are radically different( left ventricular diastolic function )from the signs and symptoms of passive smoking ( respiratory infections, ear infection, chronic cough etc.)

Second example

OPIOID ABUSE : Dose dependent acute effects of Opioid - Death, high doses causes OPIOID Poisoning that may lead to death. Currently death from overdose of drug especially opioid poisoning have become leading cause of death among people under the age of 50 in U.S. Whereas the signs and symptoms of opioid abuse are different. They are

1. Behavioral  symptoms ( poor performance at work, absenteesm, lying)

2. Physical simptoms (weight loss, nausea, pupil constriction,digestive problems)

3.Psychological and cognitive problems( irritability, depression, slowed thought)