Question

An Indian tribe living in the wilds of Northern Minnesota take up residence in a small valley near a lake. There is a bounty of wildlife including a large herd of bison, many deer and elk, the lake abounds with pike and other fishes. One of the primary traditional foods of the tribe is smoked fish.

• During the course of several months a significant % of the tribe are showing a set of curious symptoms that include: abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, vomiting and weight loss.

• Those showing these symptoms often pass “white feces”.

• A number of the affected tribes people show a paleness of complexion, loss of the healthy pick coloration of their gums, and lack motivation and energy.

*Name the disease these people have contracted

*Give a generic specific name for an organism that is known to cause it

*Explain how the disease is transmitted to the native Americans

*What they can do to prevent it.

Answer 1

Answer :-

Adult male elk, caribou, moose, white-tailed deer and mule deer — all native to North America — have antlers. Most female caribou have antlers, too. They all belong to the Cervidae family of mammals.

There are four subspecies of elk in North America: Roosevelt, Rocky Mountain, Tule and Manitoban. Roosevelt elk, the biggest subspecies, are found in the Northwest, by and large west of Interstate 5, including at: Willapa and Julia Butler Hansen Refuges in Washington and Nestucca Bay, William L. Finley and Bandon Marsh Refuges in Oregon. Tule elk live in California, including at San Luis and Bitter Creek Refuges. Caribou (also known as reindeer) are found at many of Alaska’s 16 national wildlife refuges.

National Elk Refuge may very well be the tusk capital of United States. Some 5,000– 7,000 Rocky Mountain elk winter yearly at the asylum close Jackson, Wyoming. In winter, the refuge offers horse-drawn sleigh rides that take you among the elk. Frequently asked questions about the National Elk Refuge herd.

Antlers can grow up to an inch per day, among the fastest-growing animal tissue on the planet. Prongs are made of bone — "like the pieces of any creature skeleton," says National Elk Refuge natural life researcher Eric Cole. Every single antlered creature have a velvet stage, which helps horn development by giving a blood supply to the developing bone. Before breeding season, the velvet dries up and the animal rubs the velvet off on vegetation.

Antlers serve various purposes. “Most biologists agree that antlers evolved to facilitate competition among males for females,” says Cole. “Secondary uses include defense against predators and asserting dominance — typically against others of the same species — for food resources.”  Horns likewise can be utilized to rub or rub trees to publicize predominance, thump down leafy foods flounders (soil or mud dejections in which creatures untruth or move to unwind, chill off or smother creepy crawlies).

Size matters. Antler size is an indication of male health because antlers take a considerable amount of resources to produce and carry. Only healthy males can produce the largest antlers.  

Elk tusks can develop to seven or eight each, can have a length and spread of four feet and can gauge 20 pounds each.

Amid the yearly trench (rearing season), guys use prongs to show predominance. Females will in general mate with guys that have the biggest prongs. In some cases a male will convey vegetation on his horns. Biologists believe the male is trying to enhance his size. Bull elk make loud noises — called bugling — to attract cows and ward off other bulls. Check out this Tule elk bull bugling at San Luis National Wildlife Refuge (video). For elk, moose and caribou, the rut generally occurs in late summer/early fall. For deer, it’s generally November/December.

After the trench, elk, moose, caribou and deer shed their prongs. The pedicles — the hard distensions from which the tusks develop on the creature's skull — often are harmed. When the pedicles are recuperated, possibly 14 days in the wake of shedding, development of another arrangement of tusks ordinarily starts.

Although a new set of antlers grow each year, an animal doesn’t necessarily grow antlers of similar form each year. Antlers are not horns. The deer (Cervidae) family has antlers. Bison, antelopes, sheep, goats and domestic cattle — all in the bovine family — have horns. Antlers are composed of bone. Horns are made out of keratin (same material as hair and fingernails) on the external bit and live bone on the internal center. Tusks develop from the tip; horns develop from the base.