Question

s. a. A healthy elastic aorta expands, absorbing the shock of . The elastic recoil of this vessel then maintains the continued flow of blood during diastole. (2 points) is actively regulated by which are sympathetic nerves that innervate the vessel's smooth muscle layer. (2 points) c. One of the primary factors that affects blood pressure is (2 points) d. raises blood pressure. (2 points) e. In the short-term, rising blood pressure stimulates increased which leads to reduced heart rate (2 points) Place the one- or two-word terms below in their proper and lower blood pressure places in the sentences above constricted vessels vasomotor fibers parasympathetic activity systolic pressure vasodilation vessel diameter peripheral resistance

Answer 1

5. a. A healthy elastic aorta expands, absorbing the shock of Systolic pressure. The elastic recoil of this vessel then maintains the continued flow of blood during diastole.

Rationale: Vessel elasticity act as a shock absorber and increases in systolic pressure due to the expanding of the artery.

b. Vessel diameter is actively regulated by vasomotor fibers which are sympathetic nerve fibers that innervate the vessel's smooth muscle layer.

Rationale: Vasomotor fibers are controlled by vasomotor centers that are regulated by sympathetic nerve fibers to regulate the blood volume.

c. One of the primary factors that affect blood pressure Peripheral resistance.

Rationale: Peripheral resistance in compliance with blood flow of arteries and veins and thereby affects the blood pressure.

d. Constricted vessels raise the blood pressure.

Rationale: When the blood vessels shrink, the pressure inside the vessel increases which leads to increases blood pressure level.

e. In the short term, rising blood pressure stimulates increased parasympathetic activity, which leads to reduced heart rate, vasodilation and lowers blood pressure.

Rationale: At the end of baroreceptor, the activation of parasympathetic nerves decreases the heart rate and stroke volume and dilatation of blood vessel results in the lowering of blood pressure.