Question

Digestion, Urinary, and Endocrine systems are each connected to Diabetes in how a person manages there food intake, regulating blood sugar levels, and the body's way to remove excess sugar through the urine. Type II Diabetes Mellitus is a growing problem for the American population and can be directly related to weight gain and obesity.

Diabetes Mellitus diagnoses need to meet certain criteria:

• Fasting plasma glucose >= 126 mg/dL; OR
• Symptoms (polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss); AND
• Random plasma glucose >= 200 mg/dL; OR
• A1C >= 6.5%

• Discuss if a person should take action before or after the clinical criteria of Type II Diabetes Mellitus is met?
• What other factors can lead to Type II Diabetes Mellitus?
• Describe three changes patients can make to prevent or address Type II Diabetes Mellitus?

Answer 1

1 Disease onset in type2 diabetes is usually gradual.The person may go for many years with undetected hyperglycaemia that might produce few ,if any symptoms.if the patient with type2 diabetes has matked hyperglycaemia,a sufficientendogenous insulin supply may prevent DKA from occuring.However,osmotic fluid and electrolyte loss related to hyperglycaemia may become more severe and lead to hyperosmolar coma.

2 A multitude of factors contribute toward the development of type 2 diabetes.The most powerful risk factor is believed to be obesity,specially abdominal and visceral adiposity.Also genetic mutations that lead to insulin resistance and a higher risk for obesity have been found in many people with type 2 diabetes.it is likely that multiple genes are involved in this complex,multifactorial disorder.

3 The goals of diabetes management are to reduce symptoms,promote well-being ,prevent acute complications of hyperglycaemia and prevent or delay the onset and progression of long-term complications.These goals are most likely to be met when the patient is able to maintain blood glucose levels as near to normal as possible .This is a chronic disease that requires daily decisions about food intake ,blood testing,medication and excercise. Patient teaching ,which enables the patient to become active participant in his or her own care,is essential for a successful treatment plan. Nutritional therapy,drug therapy,excercise and self-monitoring of bloodglucose are the tools used in the management of diabetes.