Question

Person Centred Care Briefly explain the principles and practices of person focussed nursing practice (50 to 100 words)

Answer 1

Patient-Centered Care:-   Patient-centered care is the practice of caring for patients (and their families) in ways that are meaningful and valuable to the individual patient. It includes listening to, informing and involving patients in their care.

Eight Principles of Patient-Centered Care.

1.) Respect for patients’ values, preferences and expressed needs

Involve patients in decision-making, recognizing they are individuals with their own unique values and preferences. Treat patients with dignity, respect and sensitivity to his/her cultural values and autonomy.

2.) Coordination and integration of care:-During focus groups, patients expressed feeling vulnerable and powerless in the face of illness. Proper coordination of care can alleviate those feelings. Patients identified three areas in which care coordination can reduce feelings of vulnerability:

(a)Coordination of clinical care.

(b)Coordination of ancillary and support services.

(c)Coordination of front-line patient care.

3.) Information and education:-In interviews, patients expressed their worries that they were not being completely informed about their condition or prognosis. To counter this fear, hospitals can focus on three kinds of communication:

(a)Information on clinical status, progress and prognosis

(b)Information on processes of care

(c)Information to facilitate autonomy, self-care and health promotion.

4. Physical comfort:-The level of physical comfort patients report has a significant impact on their experience. Three areas were reported as particularly important to patients:

a)Pain management

b.)Assistance with activities and daily living needs

c.)Hospital surroundings and environment

5. Emotional support and alleviation of fear and anxiety:-Fear and anxiety associated with illness can be as debilitating as the physical effects. Caregivers should pay particular attention to:

a.)Anxiety over physical status, treatment and prognosis

b.)Anxiety over the impact of the illness on themselves and family

c.)Anxiety over the financial impact of illness

6. Involvement of family and friends:-This principle addresses the role of family and friends in the patient experience. Family dimensions of patient-centered care were identified as follows:

a.)Providing accommodations for family and friends

b.)Involving family and close friends in decision making

c.)Supporting family members as caregivers

d.)Recognizing the needs of family and friends.

7. Continuity and transition:-Patients expressed concern about their ability to care for themselves after discharge. Meeting patient needs in this area requires the following:

a.)Understandable, detailed information regarding medications, physical limitations, dietary needs, etc.

b.)Coordinate and plan ongoing treatment and services after discharge

C).Provide information regarding access to clinical, social, physical and financial support on a continuing basis.

8. Access to care:-Patients need to know they can access care when it is needed. Focusing mainly on ambulatory care, the following areas were of importance to the patient:

a.)Access to the location of hospitals, clinics and physician offices

b.)Availability of transportation

C.)Ease of scheduling appointments

d.)Availability of appointments when needed

e.)Accessibility to specialists or specialty services when a referral is made

f.)Clear instructions provided on when and how to get referrals.