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A 74-year-old man was admitted to a nursing home for the first time following hospitalization for...

A 74-year-old man was admitted to a nursing home for the first time following hospitalization for an exacerbation from heart failure, which is being controlled with Lasix 120 mg a day at this time. While the patient was in the hospital, he fell on the way to the bathroom and sustained a fractured hip, which required an ORIF. He had spinal anesthesia for the fractured hip.

He lives alone at home and has three grown children who live in the same town. He would like to return home. He has been widowed for 9 months. He had been married for 50 years and worked outside the home as a banker. His wife prepared all his meals for him.

During hospitalization, his dietary intake was 10 to 20% of the food provided. He did not receive any food from family or friends to offset his hospital meals. Since admission to the nursing home two days ago, he has eaten only 10% of his diet, which was a low-NA diet, mechanical soft (due to improperly fitting dentures). He was a 20-year smoker, one pack a day. He reports minimum alcohol intake.

He states that since his wife died, he has been leading a sedentary lifestyle, not going out very often. He reports no “real exercise” activities.

The Medications Discharge from Hospital:

  • Digoxin 0.125 mg oral every morning
  • Lasix 40 mg tid
  • Nu-Iron 150 mg oral daily
  • Hydrocodone and acetaminophen tablets, 5 mg/500 mg for pain

Answer these questions:

  1. What additional subjective information will you be asking for?
  2. What objective findings will you be looking for?
  3. What laboratory tests do you think you want to order and why?
  4. What factors are affecting this patient’s current nutritional and hydration status?
  5. What recommendations would you make to alter his nutritional status?
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Answer #1

Some of the additional subjective information which can be dashed to the patient are

  • Pain (as he has undergone ORIF)
  • Does he have any breathing difficulties ( patient will experience difficulty breathing when there is exacerbation of heart failure

The objective data which can be seen are

  • His vital parameter (temperature, pils3,respiration, BP,Spo2
  • presence of any edema in the feet (expected in heart failure)
  • MSE to find out whether he is suffering from mental agony due to his loss (wife)
  • Patient General appearance (because his nutritional status are not adequate )

The laboratory test needed for this patient is

  • Serum Electrolyte (Sr.Sodium will drop down when Lasix is taken, Sr.potassium levels are decreased)
  • Renal function test as the potassium elimination are disturbed and may lead to digoxin toxicity due to poor renal function

The factors which are affecting the current nutritional status and hydration are

  • Disease condition (restrictions in food habits)
  • improperly fitting dentures
  • fluid restriction due to medication (lasix)

Some of the recommendations to alter his nutritional status are

  • Encouraging and arranging for at least three meals day
  • Inform patient to take nutritious diet especially potassium rich foods like banana to improve potassium level,citrus fruits to help iron tablet absorption
  • Take fluids as per the order
  • Can take nutritional supplements as per the provider's prescription.
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