Question

Question 17 (1 point) Laboratory Investigations on a 62 year old male in the ER. Reference Interval Test Result Serum Na 150 K5.5 CHE 112L MENAM TCO 18 BUN 16.5 Osmo 385 Glucose 48.0 Ketones e Negative Lactate Urinalysis Glucose 28 Ketones Negative Arterial Blood Gas De 7:32 pCO, 30 135 - 145 mmol L 3.2 - 5 mmol L 98-108 mmol L 23-32 mmoll | 20-8.2 mmol L 280 - 300 mmol kg 3.6 - 6.1 mmol L Negative 1.0-1.78 mmol L Negative Negative 7 35 - 7.45 35-45 mmHg What is the most likely explanation of the patient's potassium result? a) Dehydration b) Hyperkalemia due to the extracellular exchange of Hydronium ion with intracellular potassium ion c) Hyperkalemia due to respiratory alkalosis d) Hypokalemia due to metabolic acidosis

Answer 1

Q 17. Dehydration

Explanation: There is not only increased potassium level ( Hyperkalemia). The above laboratory results showed that changes in all the electrolytes ( hypernatremia, hyperkalemia, hyperchloremia) and also increased serum osmolality- which are indicators of dehydration.

The cause of dehydration for this patient may be due to increased blood glucose level. As a compensatory mechanism for hyperglycemia, kidney excretes excessive glucose via frequent urination results dehydration.

Q18. In a prolonged fast ......

A) Decrease glucose, increase insulin, decrease glycogen, increase cortisol and epinephrine

Explanation: I think because of fasting there is decreased blood glucose level.

Stored glycogen will breakdown in to glucose,

increase insulin- to promote glucose uptake by cells,

increase cortisol- to promote blood glucose level,

increase epinephrine- to promote lipolysis.