Question

Skolnikland is in Southeastern Africa. It has 30 million people. The country has a plains region, a hill region, and a region with high mountains. It has a number of ecosystems. The plains are dry for much of the year, there is some rainforest, and the rest of the country goes from hills to high mountains. There are two seasons of heavy rainfall, which mostly affect the plains.

The people come from many ethnic groups that tend to live in their own regions and each speaks their own language. The ethnic groups largely follow one of three different religions. The large cities are mixed ethnically. One ethnic group is economically and socially very dominant. The national language is the language of the ethnic group that is dominant.

Skolnikland is a very low-income country by World Bank criteria. The economy has been growing at about 4% per year on average over the last decade, but had very slow economic growth in the decades prior to that. About 70% of the people live in rural areas and 30% in urban areas. The number of people living in urban areas has been growing recently at an increasing pace. The richest 10% of the population controls 80% of total income.

The total fertility rate is about 4.5 but it has been declining at a moderate pace over the last decade, from over 6. There are an almost equal number of men and women in the population, although men play a dominant role in society. Infant mortality is 120 per 1,000 live births. Maternal mortality is about 600 per 100,000 live births. 25% of the children are underweight for age.

Most people earn their livelihood in agriculture, but there is an increasing garment manufacturing industry in the two largest cities. There are also a number of mining industries. Other export industries are beginning to grow in numbers, mostly focused on the export of commodities to China.

The adult literacy rate is about 35%. The educational enrollment rate, especially for girls at the primary and secondary levels, has been growing slowly but steadily and most recently at an increasing pace. Only about 25% of the people have access to safe water. Only about 20% have access to sanitary disposal of human waste.

HIV prevalence is 9% of the adult population. The number of new HIV cases annually is still increasing, although more slowly than before. Malaria is rampant in the plains. About 25% of the population is infected with TB.

Investments in the road system have been growing slowly, but the use of private automobiles has begun recently to increase more rapidly.

Skolnikland has a mixed health system that is made up of public institutions and publicly financed providers, licensed private providers, unlicensed medical practitioners, and traditional healers. There is no health insurance, except for some free services for the poor in the few publicly financed hospitals, to which the better off people do not go. The health system is not very effective or efficient and is largely of low quality. The HIV, TB and malaria programs are not effective or efficient and they are just beginning to adopt paradigms for services that follow best global practice.

(question ) Describe the likely burden of disease in Skolnikland as it: looked 20 years ago, looks today, and is likely to look in 20 years if present economic trends continue. Describe how the burden of disease would look if Skolnikland were a middle-income country in Latin America: for 20 years ago, today, and 20 years from now.

Answer 1

Ans: Skolnikland is a backward country, which is considered as under developing country from present point of view.

If we looked 20 year ago,skolnikland was a poor country.The economy had been growing under 5% and 10% of the population can dominate 80% of total income,that means other 90% of population can dominate only 20% of total income,these is the main cause of disease influenced among the people.Disease like malaria,HIV,TB etc is likely to burden of disease in Skolnikland as it looked 20 year ago. If we seen health education,health insurance in Skolnikland that is very very less,that's why about 25% of population is infected with TB and the infant mortality is 120 per 1000 live birth.

If we compare present situation of skolnikland with past,than we saw that the literacy rate among the people of skolnikland is increased,people should get knowledge about the main cause of disease occur like HIV,TB etc.People come from rural area and tried to settled in urban area.The dominant of only10% population in economy should decreased .people should tried to joint the industry.

Health insurance,Health education,increased medicinal practitioner in Skolnikland as compared to past.Which decreased the motility rate in the country.

If the present economy of skolnikland should be continued for 20 year than the condition of skolnikland is neither be good nor be worse because it is essential that the economy of skolnikland should be increased with time so that the living standard of the people of skolnikland should be change that help him to decreased the disease in the country.There is requirement of increasing the knowledge and health instance to the poor people.

Ans: If the skolnikland were a middle income country in Latin America for 20 year ago than the living standard of the people of skolnikland should not be worse and dominant ratio in economy should also be changed.People should be less affected by HIV ,AIDS, etc because they may have a little bit knowledge about that disease.

If the skolnikland was a middle income country for 20 year ago and compared with present,it may come in to under developed country where the disease mortality rate should be decreased.people's living with poorness should be decrease,dominant of all cast should be increased in economy.

If we seen after 20 year ago,then we can say that skolnikland is come under the developed country and the economy of the country should be more than 10%.There is almost similarities with rich people and poor people.Disease like malaria should almost be taken out from the life of people .people living with high standard, child mortality ,mother mortality rate should almost be vanished.The literacy rate should be almost 70 to 80% of total population.