Question

0H 2. Describe the difference between alcohols and phenols. The Describe the difference between an aldehyde and a ketone, and indicate how each differs from an alcohol. 109

Answer 1

Alcohols and phenols both contain -OH functional group
Main difference between these two are
**phenols are aromatic alcohols due to this they have different
behavior from alcohols.In alcohol -OH group is attached to
saturated carbon atom. So phenol undergoes coupling reaction ,where
as aliphatic alcohols will not give this test . Phenols show
reactions involving benzene ring.
2. Aldehyde - functional group is -HC=O
Ketone -functional group is >C=O
that means in aldehyde H is attached to carbonyl carbon
where as in ketone no H is there
Therefore aldehyde group will be at the end of the carbon chain
But ketone group will be present in between two C atom
in the carbon chain
In alcohol Functional group is -OH there is no double bond
in the functional group.
But in aldehydes and ketone functional group
has double bond .Since C is there in functional group
It will be considered for numbering while giving IUPAC name