Question

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13. List the events that happen in the post-synaptic cell. Fig. 8.23 Specifically explain how binding of NTs affection channels. 14.Briefly explain the difference between slow and fast chemical transmission. Fig. 8.23 15. Would the opening of a Na+ channel lead to an EPSP or an IPSP? Explain. Would the opening of a K+ channel lead to an EPSP or IPSP? Explain Would the opening of a Cl channel lead to an EPSP or an IPSP? Explain. 16. Briefly explain the concepts of spatial and temporal summation Fig. 8.24 17.Do all inputs (graded potentials) lead to outputs (APs)? If not, what happens to those inputs?

Answer 1

13. In post synaptic cell, the neurotransmitter is recognized by the receptors. Then deactivation of the neurotransmitter, so as to make the neurotransmitter to further block the neurotransmitter to further block the neurotransmitter from occupying the receptor sites.

14. In fast chemical transmission, the neurotransmitter will directly binds to the ion channels of the postsynaptic membrane and causes the permeability changes in the post synaptic membrane.

in slow transmission, the neurotransmitter will be binding to the receptors, which will release another internal neurotransmitter, which binds the ion channels and cause the permeability changes of the post synaptic membrane.

15.Na+ channels opening causes the EPSP. Closing of K+ channels leads to the EPSP but opening of the K+ leads to IPSP. Cl- channels opening and closing also causes the same effects to that of the K+ channels.

16.The integration of postsynaptic potentials that occur in different locations—but at about the same time—is known as spatial summation and The integration of postsynaptic potentials that occur in the same place—but at slightly different times is called temporal summation.