Muddy Duck Manufacturing (MDM) Inc.’s costing system has two direct cost categories: direct materials and direct manufacturing labour. Manufacturing overhead, both fixed and variable, is allocated to products on the basis of standard direct manufacturing labour hours (DMLH). At the beginning of 2017, MDM adopted the following standards for its manufacturing costs:
Input |
Cost per output unit |
|
Direct materials |
3kg @ $5 per kg |
$15 |
Direct manufacturing labour |
5 hours @ $15 per hour |
75 |
Manufacturing overhead: |
||
Variable |
$6 per DMLH |
30 |
Fixed |
$8 per DMLH |
40 |
Standard manufacturing cost per output unit |
$160 |
The denominator level for total manufacturing overhead per month in 2017 is 40,000 DMLH. MDM’s flexible budget for February 2017 was based on this denominator level. The records for February indicate the following:
Direct materials purchased = 25,000 kg at $5.20/kg
Direct materials used = 23,100 kg
Direct manufacturing labour = 40,100 hours at $14.60/hour
Total actual manufacturing overhead (variable and fixed) = $600,000
Actual production = 7,800 output units
Required:
1) Prepare a schedule of total standard manufacturing costs for the 7,800 output units in February 2017. (12 marks)
2) For February 2017, calculate the following variances, indicating whether each is favourable (F) or unfavourable (U): (28 marks total with 4 marks each)
a. Direct materials rate variance based on purchases.
b. Direct materials efficiency variance.
c. Direct manufacturing labour rate variance.
d. Direct manufacturing labour efficiency variance.
e. Total manufacturing overhead rate variance.
f. Variable manufacturing overhead efficiency variance.
g. Production-volume variance
1) SCHEDULE OF TOTAL STANDARD MANUFACTURING COST FOR 7800 UNITS
PARTICULAR | AMOUNT | |
DIRECT MATERIAL | 7800*3KG*5$ | 117000 |
DIRECT LEBOUR | 7800*5H*15$ | 585000 |
MANUFACTURING OVERHEAD | ||
VARIABLE | 7800*5*6 DMLH | 234000 |
FIXED | 40000*8 | 320000 |
TOTALCOST | 1256000 |
2) CALCULATE THE VARIANCE
A) DIRECT MATERIAL RATE VARIANCE
=(23100*5)-(23100*5.20)
= - 4620 (UNFAVOURABLE)
B) DIRECT MATERIAL EFFICIENCY VARIANCE
=(23400*5)-(23100*5)
=1500(FAVOURABLE)
C) DIRECT LABOUR RATE VARIANCE
=(40100*15)-(40100*14.6)
=16040 (FAVOURABLE)
D) DIRECT LABOUR EFFICIENCY VARIANCE
=(39000*15)-(40100*15)
= - 1100(UNFAVOURABE)
E)TOTAL MANUFACTURING OVERHEAD RATE VARIANCE
=554000-600000
= - 46000(UNFAVOURABLE)
F) VARIABLE MANUFACTURING OVERHEAD EFFICIENCY VARIANCE
=6*(40000-39000)
=6000 FAVOURABLE
H) PRODUCTION VOLUME VARIANCE
=8000-7800
=200
Muddy Duck Manufacturing (MDM) Inc.’s costing system has two direct cost categories: direct materials and direct...
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