Question

6 Fill in the blanks to complete the following sentences. relative to the cells of the potato in Part A. a The distilled water was with respect to the distilled b The solution in the Part B dialysis tube was initially water bath. c The driving force for both osmosis and dialysis is the generation of on either side of a membrane. 7 Did the potato from Part A and the dialysis tube from Part B undergo the same process (i.e., osmosis, dialysis, etc.) when placed in distilled water? Name the process that each item underwent in distilled water and explain how they differed from each other 8 Explain why it is important that intravenous solutions used to deliver fluids or medications to patients are isotonic with respect to the patients' blood. 9 Do your results from Part C support the concept of "like dissolves like"? Explain your answer using your data. 10 Sucrose and naphthalene are both organic molecules. Did you find significant differences in their solubilities? If so, explain why these molecules did not exhibit identical solubility. 1 1 Vinegar is a 5% solution of acetic acid in water. Explain why salad dressing s composed of olive oil and vinegar separate into two layers.

Answer 1

6) a) Hypotonic - Because the water from outside diffused into the cell of potato causing them to increase their weight (Potato sample A)

In potato sample B, it is hypertonic.

b) Highly concentrated with respect to the distilled water bath.

c) Osmotic pressure of solutions on either side of the membrane.

7) Diffusion is the basic principle of both parts, Osmosis and dialysis.

- Osmosis is the movement of solvent molecules (water molecules) across the membrane and dialysis is the movement of solute molecules through a semi permeable membrane.

- The separating membrane only allows the movement of certain molecules.

- In part A, the potato place in distilled water will gain weight by moving water into cells (Low concentration of water)of potato from highly concentrated water solution outside. In part A,the potato sample placed in air the water moves from inside of the potato to the outside.(Osmosis)

- But in part B, the dialysis occurs through the dialysis membrane.Glucose and chloride ions are permeable while starch is not.

8) Isotonic solutions are two solutions having the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane.

- The intravenous medications must be isotonic to blood and this may prevent a net movement of water into or out of the cells.

- Otherwise the cells may shrink or swell due to the difference in osmotic pressure.