Solution(a)
Given in the question
No. Of sample = 49
Sample mean = 4.5
Sample standard deviation = 15.7
99% confidence interval can be calculated as
Mean +/- talpha/2*sd/sqrt(n)
Talpha/2 at df = 48, and at alpha=0.01 is 2.68
4.5+/-2.68*15.7/sqrt(49)
4.5 +/- 6.01
So 99% confidence interval is
-1.51 to 10.01
Solution(b)
Its answer is C. I.e. the confidence interval limits contain 0. Suggesting that the garlic treatment did affect the LDL cholesterol level.
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