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Answer the questions below by assuming the spherical mass distribution of dark matter in our Galaxy,...
Galaxies contain both stars and dark matter. The mass M of a galaxy that is located...
Galaxies contain both stars and dark matter. The mass M of a galaxy that is located within a certain star's orbit is given by where v is the velocity of the star, r is the distance from the galaxy's center to the star, and G is Newton's gravitational constant, 6.673 x 10- N m/kg Stars near the edge of a particular galaxy have velocities of 259 km/s. The radius of the galaxy is 53 kpc. How much mass is in...
A star near the visible edge of a galaxy travels in a uniform circular orbit. It...
A star near the visible edge of a galaxy travels in a uniform circular orbit. It is 42,700 ly (light-years) from the galactic center and has a speed of 275 km/s. Estimate the total mass of the galaxy based on the motion of the star. Gravitational constant is 6.674×10−11 m3/(kg·s2) and mass of the Sun Ms=1.99 × 1030 kg. The total visible mass (i.e., matter we can detect via electromagnetic radiation) of the galaxy is 1011 solar masses. What fraction...
LP 5. (20 pts) It is known that most of the mass of galaxies is some exotic material that doesn't interact with light or normal matter. Let's assume that this "dark matter" is due...
LP 5. (20 pts) It is known that most of the mass of galaxies is some exotic material that doesn't interact with light or normal matter. Let's assume that this "dark matter" is due to a new elementary particle---alaskonium. Like Alaska in the winter, alaskonium in the galaxy is cold and dark. We will assume that alaskonium is a fermion and that it is so cold that it is degenerate; a gravitationally bound, nonrelativistic, degenerate gas. Take the total mass...
Problem 4 In 1933 Fritz Zwiky used the virial theorem to demonstrate the existence of dark...
Problem 4 In 1933 Fritz Zwiky used the virial theorem to demonstrate the existence of dark matter (even though nobody believed him for the subsequent 40 years) in the Coma cluster of galaxies. The demonstration assumes that the Coma galaxies have a random spherical distribution around the center of gravity of the cluster, and that their velocity is also distributed randomly. With these hypothesis the average potential energy of the cluster can be approximated with the potential energy of a...
Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.0x10^11...
Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.0x10^11 solar masses. A star orbiting near the galaxy's periphery is 6.0X10^4 light years from its center. (For your calculations, assume that the galaxy's mass is concentrated near its center.) (a) What should the orbital period of that star be in yr ? (b) If its period is 6.0 x 10^7 years instead, what is the mass of the galaxy? Such calculations are used to...
choose correct answer. no explanation needed QUESTION 36 What does the apparent magnitude of a star...
choose correct answer. no explanation needed
QUESTION 36 What does the apparent magnitude of a star tell us about that star? its mass how bright it appears from Earth its radius how much energy it is emitting QUESTION 37 What is the reason sunspots appear darker than surrounding regions on the Sun's surface? They actually are fairly bright, but appear dark against the even brighter background of the surrounding photosphere. They are too cold to emit any visible light. They...
4. The equation mgy for gravitational potential energy is valid only for objects near the surface...
4. The equation mgy for gravitational potential energy is valid only for objects near the surface of a planet. Consider two very large objects of mass m1 and m2, such as stars or planets, whose centers are separated by the large distance r. These two large objects exert gravitational forces on each other.The gravitational potential energy is U = − Gm1m2 r where G = 6.67 × 10−11Nm2/kg2 is the gravitational constant. (a) Sketch a graph of U versus r....
Before leaving Alpha Centauri, you change from the shuttle to a light speed interstellar cruiser and head out deep into the galaxy to visit another binary star system - but this one is composed...
Before leaving Alpha Centauri, you change from the shuttle to a light speed interstellar cruiser and head out deep into the galaxy to visit another binary star system - but this one is composed of dead stars! To occupy your waking travel time by reading about this star system in the "Outer Space Tourbook": Stars spend most of their lifetimes undergoing nuclear fusion in their cores, which is why they give off so much light. However, when the material necessary...
Now we consider a black hole of the same mass as the Sun: Mbh 2x 1030 kg. (a) (2 marks) Show that if you are launching...
Now we consider a black hole of the same mass as the Sun: Mbh 2x 1030 kg. (a) (2 marks) Show that if you are launching a rocket with velocity v upwards from a pl M, you can only escape the planet's gravity if you start from a radius r > 2GM/ t of mass Hint: Use Newtonian mechanics. What if your rocket is acutally a beam of light? If we forget about relativity for a minute, we can put...
Now we consider a black hole of the same mass as the Sun: Mbh 2 x 1050 k (a) (2 marks) Show that if you are launching a...
Now we consider a black hole of the same mass as the Sun: Mbh 2 x 1050 k (a) (2 marks) Show that if you are launching a rocket with velocity v upwards from a planet of mass M, you can only escape the planet's gravity if you start from a radius r > 2GM/v2 Hint: Use Newtonian mechanics What if your rocket is acutally a beam of light? If we forget about relativity for a minute, we can put...
Galaxies contain both stars and dark matter. The mass M of a galaxy that is located within a certain star's orbit is given by where v is the velocity of the star, r is the distance from the galaxy's center to the star, and G is Newton's gravitational constant, 6.673 x 10- N m/kg Stars near the edge of a particular galaxy have velocities of 259 km/s. The radius of the galaxy is 53 kpc. How much mass is in...
LP 5. (20 pts) It is known that most of the mass of galaxies is some exotic material that doesn't interact with light or normal matter. Let's assume that this "dark matter" is due to a new elementary particle---alaskonium. Like Alaska in the winter, alaskonium in the galaxy is cold and dark. We will assume that alaskonium is a fermion and that it is so cold that it is degenerate; a gravitationally bound, nonrelativistic, degenerate gas. Take the total mass...
choose correct answer. no explanation needed
QUESTION 36 What does the apparent magnitude of a star tell us about that star? its mass how bright it appears from Earth its radius how much energy it is emitting QUESTION 37 What is the reason sunspots appear darker than surrounding regions on the Sun's surface? They actually are fairly bright, but appear dark against the even brighter background of the surrounding photosphere. They are too cold to emit any visible light. They...
Before leaving Alpha Centauri, you change from the shuttle to a light speed interstellar cruiser and head out deep into the galaxy to visit another binary star system - but this one is composed of dead stars! To occupy your waking travel time by reading about this star system in the "Outer Space Tourbook": Stars spend most of their lifetimes undergoing nuclear fusion in their cores, which is why they give off so much light. However, when the material necessary...
Now we consider a black hole of the same mass as the Sun: Mbh 2x 1030 kg. (a) (2 marks) Show that if you are launching a rocket with velocity v upwards from a pl M, you can only escape the planet's gravity if you start from a radius r > 2GM/ t of mass Hint: Use Newtonian mechanics. What if your rocket is acutally a beam of light? If we forget about relativity for a minute, we can put...
Now we consider a black hole of the same mass as the Sun: Mbh 2 x 1050 k (a) (2 marks) Show that if you are launching a rocket with velocity v upwards from a planet of mass M, you can only escape the planet's gravity if you start from a radius r > 2GM/v2 Hint: Use Newtonian mechanics What if your rocket is acutally a beam of light? If we forget about relativity for a minute, we can put...
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