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Galaxies contain both stars and dark matter. The mass M of a galaxy that is located...
What is the evidence that a large proportion of the mass of the universe is in the form of dark matter? fast In 1933 astronomers noticed that galaxies at the edge of the Coma cluster of galaxies were moving much too the cluster to remain in the cluster, given the amount of mass that was observable in slow not observable observable 10 90 50 This led to the suggestion that some "dark" matter that was the 1970s many observations have...
We used velocity dispersion and average distance between galaxies in the cluster to determine the virial mass, and we used the number of galaxies and the average mass of a galaxy to determine luminous mass. How would the average distance between galaxies have to change in order to eliminate the evidence for dark matter in galaxy clusters? Calculate the change needed in the case of the Coma Cluster.
Astronomical observations of our Milky Way galaxy indicate that it has a mass of about 8.0x10^11 solar masses. A star orbiting near the galaxy's periphery is 6.0X10^4 light years from its center. (For your calculations, assume that the galaxy's mass is concentrated near its center.) (a) What should the orbital period of that star be in yr ? (b) If its period is 6.0 x 10^7 years instead, what is the mass of the galaxy? Such calculations are used to...
Answer the questions below by assuming the spherical mass distribution of dark matter in our Galaxy, where the Galactic radius is 100,000 light years, the distance of the solar system from the center is 27,000 light years, and the constant orbital speed of stars is 220 km s1. Use the gravitational constant 6.674 x 10-11 N m2 kg2, light year 9.46 x 1015 m, and solar mass 2.0 x 1030 kg. 1. show the mass of dark matter inside radius...
A star near the visible edge of a galaxy travels in a uniform circular orbit. It is 42,700 ly (light-years) from the galactic center and has a speed of 275 km/s. Estimate the total mass of the galaxy based on the motion of the star. Gravitational constant is 6.674×10−11 m3/(kg·s2) and mass of the Sun Ms=1.99 × 1030 kg. The total visible mass (i.e., matter we can detect via electromagnetic radiation) of the galaxy is 1011 solar masses. What fraction...
Problem 4 In 1933 Fritz Zwiky used the virial theorem to demonstrate the existence of dark matter (even though nobody believed him for the subsequent 40 years) in the Coma cluster of galaxies. The demonstration assumes that the Coma galaxies have a random spherical distribution around the center of gravity of the cluster, and that their velocity is also distributed randomly. With these hypothesis the average potential energy of the cluster can be approximated with the potential energy of a...
LP 5. (20 pts) It is known that most of the mass of galaxies is some exotic material that doesn't interact with light or normal matter. Let's assume that this "dark matter" is due to a new elementary particle---alaskonium. Like Alaska in the winter, alaskonium in the galaxy is cold and dark. We will assume that alaskonium is a fermion and that it is so cold that it is degenerate; a gravitationally bound, nonrelativistic, degenerate gas. Take the total mass...
ty Lifetimes. Zero-age main sequence stars much less than 0.5Mo are the alternate form of "dark matter". Assume a brown dwarf's luminosity derives from gravitational contraction alone. Its mass is 0.05 Mo, and its luminosity is 3 x 10-3Lo. Such stars maintain a tight correlation between radus and mass given by R 9 x 10 (M/Mo)-1em. If we assume that its luminosity has been constart a) calculate a radiation temperature and wavelength to demonstrate these stellar objects as "dark". (b)...
Assuming that H0 = 70 km/s/Mpc, calculate the mass of the parent galaxy. (M = ? solar masses) Note: The answer is NOT 9.05*10^17, 9.75*10^17, 1.87*10^33, 4.73*10^12, 4.19*10^11. These are the incorrect answers which I have enetered in the online assignment Constants | Periodic Table A small satellite galaxy is moving in a circular orbit around a much more massive parent and just happens to be moving exactly parallel to the line of sight as seen from Earth. The recession...
5) A star (no matter what its mass) spends most of its life Select one: a. as a protostar. b. as a main-sequence star. c. as a planetary nebula. d. as a red giant or supergiant. 6) What is the ultimate fate of an isolated white dwarf? Select one: a. It will cool down and become a cold black dwarf. b. As gravity overwhelms the electron degeneracy pressure, it will explode as a nova. c. As gravity overwhelms the electron...