Question

umer i Semester, 2017-2016 FiuaiE B2. Discuss Kohlberg's stages of moral development. Explain the difference between ethics and morals and give examples [SK 2:6 Marks

Answer 1

Kohlberg recognized three levels of good thinking: pre-traditional, customary, and post-ordinary. Each level is related with progressively complex phases of good advancement.

Level 1: Preconventional

All through the preconventional level, a youngster's feeling of profound quality is remotely controlled. Kids acknowledge and trust the principles of specialist figures, for example, guardians and instructors. A kid with pre-traditional ethical quality has not yet received or disguised society's .

Stage 1: Obedience-and-Punishment Orientation

Stage 1 centers around the tyke's longing to obey administers and abstain from being rebuffed. For instance, an activity is ethically wrong because the culprit is rebuffed; the more terrible the discipline for the demonstration is, the all the more "awful" the demonstration is seen to be.

Stage 2: Instrumental Orientation

Stage 2 communicates the "how might this benefit me?" position, in which right conduct is characterized by whatever the individual accepts to be to their greatest advantage. Stage two thinking demonstrates a constrained enthusiasm for the requirements of others, just to the point where it may promote the person's own advantages.

Level 2: Conventional

All through the customary level, a youngster's feeling of ethical quality is attached to individual and societal connections. Youngsters keep on accepting the standards of expert figures, however this is presently because of their conviction this is important to guarantee positive connections and societal request.

Stage 3: Good Boy, Nice Girl Orientation

In arrange 3, youngsters need the endorsement of others and act in approaches to maintain a strategic distance from dissatisfaction. Accentuation is put on great conduct and individuals being "pleasant" to others.

Stage 4: Law-and-Order Orientation

In organize 4, the youngster aimlessly acknowledges standards and tradition considering their significance in keeping up a working society. Principles are viewed just like the same for everybody, and obeying rules by doing what one is "gathered" to do is viewed as significant and vital. Moral thinking in arrange four is past the requirement for singular endorsement showed in organize three. If one individual damages a law, maybe everybody would—accordingly there is a commitment and an obligation to maintain laws and principles. Most dynamic individuals from society stay at arrange four.

Level 3: Postconventional

All through the postconventional level, a man's feeling of profound quality is characterized standards and qualities. Individuals presently trust that a few laws are unreasonable and ought to be changed or wiped out. This level is set apart by a developing acknowledgment that people are separate substances from society—rules that ordinarily incorporate such fundamental rights & equity—and view controls as valuable however variable systems, as opposed to outright manages that must be obeyed undoubtedly.

Stage 5: Social-Contract Orientation

In arrange 5, the world is holding distinctive assessments, rights, and qualities. Such viewpoints ought to be commonly regarded as exceptional to every individual or network. Laws are viewed as social contracts as opposed to unbending proclamations. Those that don't advance the general welfare ought to be changed when important to meet number of individuals. This is accomplished through dominant part choice and inescapable trade off. Law based government is hypothetically in light of stage five thinking.

Stage 6: Universal-Ethical-Principal Orientation

In organize 6, moral thinking depends on unique thinking utilizing general moral standards.. Laws are legitimate just seeing that they are grounded in equity, and a guarantee to equity conveys with it a commitment to resist uncalled for laws. Individuals pick the moral standards they need to take after, and if they abuse those standards, they feel remorseful.

moral	ethics
General principles are there. Root work is custom. Cultural and social norms. No applicability in business. consistency warries (society and culture) general use( expression)	They are basically for guiding people. Helps to provide which are good or bad. Used sometime during ethical issue. Root word is character. Governed by individuals, legal and professionals. Deals with conduct whether is right or wrong. Applicability in the business. Consistency are in the general uniform. Expression are being abstract.

example

On the off chance that the child of a major government official has perpetrated a wrongdoing and he utilizes his forces to free his child from legitimate outcomes. At that point this demonstration is improper because the government official is endeavouring to spare an offender.

A dear companion or relative of a questioner seeks a meeting and without asking a solitary inquiry, he chooses him. This demonstration is dishonest because the determination procedure must be straightforward and fair.

A food merchant pitches defiled items to his clients to acquire more benefit. This demonstration is neither good nor moral since he is conning his clients and calling in the meantime.

Conclusion

Each individual has a few standards which help him for the duration of his life to adapt any circumstance; they are known as morals. Then again, Morals are not the immovable principles or extremely unbending. That is the reason the general population broadly acknowledge them. This is just for separating Morals from Ethics.