Question

1. In thermohaline circulation, what kind of water sinks toward the bottom
   1. warmer, lower salinity water
   2. warmer, saltier water
   3. colder, less salty water
   4. colder, saltier water
2. What is the name of the surface current that carries warm water northward in the North Atlantic Ocean?
   1. the Labrador Current
   2. the California Current
   3. the Greenland Current
   4. the Gulf Stream
3. Which of the following is the correct way to write the formal name, Latin (binomial), of a living species?
   1. Species
   2. Genus species
   3. Genus Species
   4. genus species
4. What does a cladogram, or tree of life diagram, show?
   1. how many trees are in a location
   2. the history of mass extinctions
   3. living things in the order that they were discovered and named scientifically
   4. groups of living things and how closely each group is related to the others
5. At the most fundamental level, all life on Earth is related to each other and has a significant amount of genetic information in common.
   1. False, all species are completely different from each other.
   2. True
6. Based on genetic similarity, life falls in 3 big groups: Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya. Which group are you in?
   1. Archaea
   2. Bacteria
   3. Eukarya
   4. none of the above
7. Based on genetic similarity, life falls in 3 big groups: Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya. Which group are "bluegreen algae" in?

1. none of these groups
2. Eukarya
3. Archaea
4. Bacteria

8. Based on genetic similarity, life falls in 3 big groups: Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya. Which group are ctenophores in?
   1. Eukarya
   2. Bacteria
   3. none of those groups
   4. Archaea
9. Sulfur oxidizing bacteria live inside Riftia worms, and provide the worms with food. This is an example of ________.
   1. symbiosis
   2. competition
   3. predation
   4. facilitation

10. Of all the live in the sea, which ones collect light energy to made food by photosynthesis?
    1. plants, algae and some bacteria
    2. only bacteria
    3. plants and algae
    4. only algae

11. All microscopic, one celled living things do photosynthesis.
    1. No, many are heterotrophic (eat other things).
    2. No, they all are chemosynthetic (get energy from chemicals rather than sunlight).
    3. Yes, they are too small to eat other things.
12. What is primary productivity?
    1. the number of plankton in the ocean
    2. a measure of child labor in primary school
    3. synthesis of organic compounds from sunlight by photosynthesis
    4. the quantity of seafood harvested from the ocean

13. Is photosynthesis in the sea important to animals on the land?
    1. Yes, because it make s the ocean interesting colors.
    2. Yes, photosynthesis in the sea produces about half of the oxygen in the atmosphere.
    3. No, photosynthesis in the ocean does not affect life on the land.
    4. No, photosynthesis in the sea is the way that energy gets into most life i the sea including those eaten by land animals.

14. What effect does coastal upwelling have on primary productivity?
    1. It brings warm water to the surface and decreases primary productivity.
    2. It brings nutrient-rich water to the surface and increases primary productivity.
    3. It causes seaweeds to get caught i na spiral and sink.
15. Does our local California coastline usually have coastal upwelling.
    1. No.
    2. Yes.
16. What is the intertidal zone?
    1. the water that comes in with the tide
    2. the part of the ocean "owned" by a coastal country
    3. the part of the coast that is covered with water at high tide and not covered by water at low tide

17. Physical conditions in the intertidal zone are ________
    1. like the surface of the moon
    2. extremely variable as the tide comes in and out
    3. constant and unchanging as the tide goes in and out
    4. too harsh to support life

18. Which of the following are living things do people collect from the intertidal zone for food?
    1. mussels, oysters and other bivalve mollusks
    2. none of these things
    3. all of these things
    4. abalone and other gastropod mollusks
    5. crabs and other crustacean arthropods
    6. various seaweeds

19. Marine microbes are all the things that live in the ocean and are too small to see with your unaided eye. Of the total weight of life in the ocean (the biomass), about how much is marine microbes?
    1. 90%
    2. 50%
    3. 98%
    4. 10%
    5. <1%

Answer 1

1. The correct option is option “d” which says colder and saltier water because the colder water have molecules nearby and hence the density increases and therefore it sinks apart from it the coldness also makes molecules to come near and thus increases the density of water.
2. The correct option is option “d” that’s the Gulf Stream which starts from he Gulf of Mexico and goes till Florida and is a surface current of warm water in the North Atlantic Ocean.
3. The correct option is option “b” because the first letter of the genus name is always capital and the second word which is “specific epithet” always starts with small letter.
4. The correct option is option “d” as the cladogram or in other words the tree of life represents the living things groups and how they are related to other groups.

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