Question

1). What are the independent and dependent variables in this study? Choose the best option from those listed below. A. There is one independent variable: the Bragger manipulation (Truthful Bragger vs. Untruthful Bragger). There are two dependent variables. First, there is the participant ethnicity (Caucasian vs. African American). Second, there is the rating of how likeable Edward is (I do not like him at all to 9 = like him very much). B. There are three independent variables. First, there is the Bragger manipulation (Truthful Bragger vs. Untruthful Bragger). Second, there is the participant ethnicity (Caucasian vs. African American). Third, there is the rating of how likeable Edward is (Very likeable vs. Not likable. The dependent variable is whether Edward was truthful in the biography C. There are two independent variables. First, there is the Bragger manipulation (Truthful Bragger vs. Untruthful Bragger). Second, there is the participant ethnicity (Caucasian vs. African American). There are two dependent variables: whether Edward was truthful in the biography and the rating of how likeable Edward is (1 - do not like him at all to 9 like him very much). D. There are two independent variables. First, there is the Bragger manipulation (Truthful Bragger vs. Untruthful Bragger). Second, there is the participant ethnicity (Caucasian vs. African American). There is one dependent variable: the rating of how likeable Edward is (1 - do not like him at all to 9 = like him very much). E. There are four independent variables. The first is the Truthful Bragger condition. The second is the Untruthful Bragger condition. The third is Caucasian participants. The fourth is African American participants. The dependent variable is the rating of how likeable Edward is (1 - do not like him at all to 9 = like him very much).

Answer 1

1. The option D is correct as

We have 1 dependent variable: Likeability of Edward

We have 2 independent variable: Bragger Manipulation and Participant Ethnicity

2. There is no significant main effect and no interaction factor as all the p values <0.01 or 0.05, that means that the individual regression coefficient are equal to 0, making the regression invalid between the dependent and independent observations.

p value < 0.01 or 0.05 represents failure to reject the hypothesis that

H_{0 (main effects)}: Regression coeffecients are 0. (regression is invalid)

H_{0 (interaction factor)} Interaction between factor a and factor b is 0. (there is no interaction)

note that given options has point for no interaction and no main effect significance.

3. Option a is correct

we ran a univariate ANOVA for 2 independent variables and 1 dependent variable.

for the bragger condition (truthful or non truthful), we got the F (1,116)=68.646 and p value = 0.000 < 0.01 that necessarily implies that there is no significant main effect of the bragger condition on the likeability of Edward.

4. option a) is correct.

The interaction between the two factors, bragger condition and ethnicity is not significant because we got the F(1,116)= 13.68 and p value = 0.00 < 0.01. And since this is not signficant, there is no need to run simple ANOVA one way layout tests.