Question

What kind of instruments were used in the study? Did it clearly link to the research question? (One paragraph minimum)

Page Organlzation of Hospital Nursing and 30-day Readmissions In Medicare Patlents Undergoing Surgery Chenjuan Ma, PhD National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators, University of Kansas School of Nursing 3901 Rainbow Bvd, M/S 3060 Kansas City, KS 66160, USA Matthew D McHugh, PhD, and Center for Heath Outcomes and Palcy Research University of Pennsyivania School of Nursing 418 Cune Bivd., Fagin Hall Rm379 Philadelphia, PA19104, USA Phone: 215-746-0205 Fax 215-573-2062 mchughm@ nursing.upemn.edu Linda H Alken, PhD Center for Heatn Outcomes and Paicy Research Unversity af Pennsylvania School of Nursing 418 Cune Bivd, Fagin Hall Rm387 Phladelphia, PA 19104, USA Phone: 215-898-9759 Fax: 215-573-2062 lal kennursing.upenn.edu Abstract Background-Grow ng sarutiny of readmassins has placed hopitals at the centi readmission prevention. Little is known, however, about hospital nursing- component of hospital service system in relaton to readmissions. a critical organizational Objectives-To determine the relationships betuen hospital norsing factons - nunse work environment, nurse staffing, and nurnse educ ation - and 30-day readmissins among Medicare patients undergoing gencral, orthopodic, and vascular surgery Method and Design-We linked Modicate patient dsic harge data, mult-tae nurse survey data, and American Hospital Association Annual Survey diats Our sample inc laded 220 914 Medicare surgical patients and 25,082 nurses from 5 PA). Risk-adjused robust kogistic regressions were usod for naly 8 hospitals in fout stakes (CA.FL, NJ, a used for nalyscs Results--The average 30-day readmission rac was is in osa sasple Geac tai atgery: İ 1%; orthopedic surgery. 8%; vacular surgery 12%) Readmission naetdiedwdelyan ss surgical proce dures and could be as high as 26st (upper limb and ke amputatine for cirsculaory systm disorders) Each additional patent per nurse ncreased the odds of kadmission by 3% (ORI D3. 95% CI: 1 .00. I '05). Patients cated m hospitals with better nurse work environments hal ber odds of readmission ORd)97o5% a : 0 954199, Administrative support b nursing prx tce (ORd, 96, 95% a : 094-0 99) and nurse-phy saaan re la tris 0R10 97 . 95% CI o 95-0 99) wae tw o main atnbues of the work environmient thut werc associaed with reklmissions

Answer 1

Answer :

Research study instruments are measurement tools, to abtain data or information.  

For example questionare and some scales.

There are two ways qualitative instruments and quantitative instruments.

Qualitative means here we can not able to measure.

The main instrument in these the researchers it self, like observations, self reports , diaries ect.

Quantitative means we can measures by using instruments like questionare and tests, here they can use the validity and reliability and test retest methods, ect.

The above study is organization of hospital nursing and 30 days readmission in medicare patients undergoing surgery.

The instruments used in the study are

* medicare patient discharge data.

* multi state nurse survey data

*American hospital association annual survey data.

So it means all the data is collected by surveys reports only.  

It is related to the study because here they are seeing relationship only and it is qualitative study.