Question

A. Beetles and hummingbirds have wings, but these organisms are not related to one another. The fact that they both have wings is an example of ______.

a homology

a shared derived trait

a unique derived trait

an analogy

B. Mammals share the same types of bones in their forelimbs, such as humerus, radius, ulna, capals, metacarpals, and phalanges. This is an example of ______________.

an analogy

a unique derived trait

convergent evolution

a homology

C. Humans and baboons have noses with nostrils that face downward, but many other primates have noses with nostrils that face out to the sides. Humans and baboons are also more closely related to each other than they are to primates with outward-facing nostrils. Therefore, the fact that both humans and baboons share the downward-facing nostril orientation is an example of ______.

a shared derived trait

an analogy

a unique derived trait

a homology

D. For the traits described in Questions 4a-4e below, identify whether you think the trait is an analogy or a homology.

Dolphins and sharks have fins.

Analogy

Homology

E. Horses and zebras have hooves.

Analogy

Homology

F. Turtles and snails have shells.

Analogy

Homology

G. Some snakes and spiders have venom.

Analogy

Homology

H. Crabs and lobsters have claws.

Analogy

Homology

Answer 1

A.Beetles and humming birds have wings is an example of analogy.The wings of beetles and humming birds are not anatomically similar structures but they perform similar functions.These analogous structures are a result of convergent evolution.These structures resulted due to selection of similar adaptive features in different groups of organisms but for same function.

B.Mammals share same type of bones in their forelimbs(all mammals have humerus ,radius,ulna,carpals,metacarpals and phalanges in their forelimbs). Though these forelimbs perform different functions in these animals,they have similar anatomical structure.These structures are homologous.Homology indicates common ancestry.