Question

Explain in detail the different experiments that were crucial for the discovery of electrons. And explain in detail the different experiments that were crucial for the discovery of the nucleus of the atom.

Answer 1

Ferimerts made der the discov ta a studying the pepalies What s cathode rau? electron? ナJ. Themuon constructed a glas tube, which has artially evacuated ie much of the air wa pumped ot of the tube. Them he apied a high electical voltage betuween tuo electrodes at either end the tube ue detecked hat a steam of particle (rag) 1ss mring out om eely chergat dechrd e (eathodto toporkn chared dectro de lanode). (This called cathode ray t u hole censbuctton is called cathode rau tube. The schemattc diagnam Cathode ray tube is gaven beleo the meqatvely charget electod e (cathode) topexti dvad veg low pressure. Anode Cathhode →vaccum lum toy Ameican phupiast R. Mitkan Measured the charge o an electron using n(アtively charged oil droplets Meosured chaige Ce) of an elechon 19 -160x10 oulomlr

R) The atomic nucleus io the Small, dense。 on cond ting o. Protons and meuthony at the center o, an atom, discevered in lq Rurtherord oertuned thonwon's model h his welu knoron old ei expeimurt io nthich he demoustrated that the afom has a tiny heavy nuedleus. Rautlufod deiered an expesiment to use the o- particdes mie a vadioadtive element as es to the useon wodol of atomic structuwe. Ruthujod presienked his oan pical modoj 3 udb atomic stbuctue as an intexpre tation or the unexpeced expežirunta! results. 4n it, the atom s made up cunt mpdern ałmic nucleuh, tumugh his paper Cen traf chargeてthin is the he did not use the teum nucleus n estudents 연 (Ruthe ed , bwawed that a small draction (1in 8000 pooticles) were detected at larce ang as tf it pun obstacle. The impacts were dseswed as scivitlations in the dak under the witresape, on a sevnsos Me condluded thal the atom contained a heav heat, with tve electuic charge, alle t puuh away the alpha a sc dentist discove ved 卜jeutver) . Alter the discoverf neutren meuthon in i39, modelsJor a nuclews composed potrw 4 neutons were gutckad develeted by lber