Question

The length of the Working Day

According to Marx, the length of the working day and limits to the number of working hours was the result of centuries of struggle between the capitalist class and the working class. The capitalist tries to extend the number of working hours to extract surplus value from the working classes.

a) Where you have observed this struggle in your own life?

b) How this can help you to explain a cultural norm or institution in society?

Answer 1

Hi,

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Question:

Answer:

Introduction:

Surplus-value: It is the difference between the total sales revenue and total cost (the cost of the materials, plant and labour power.

Capitalism/Capitalist System: Capitalism is a modern economic system that is based on the private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit. The main characteristics of the capitalism or capitalist system are private property, capital accumulation, wage labor, voluntary exchange, a price system and competitive markets etc.

We know that the main objective of capitalist system is profit making. the work only and only for profit. The firms those work or operate capitalist system always try to increase their profit. The best easy way of profit maximization is  extract surplus value from the working classes. This time most of the countries are following democratic capitalist system. LPG policy has also boost and promote it and always work in the favor of capitalism. This world has became the corporate world and lobby of private companies is very strong.

a). Answer:

I am an working professional and worked with 4 private MNC companies and inmost of the companies, i have face this situation. In my last company, when had i join that time working days was 5 and after few months its increased from 5 to 6 days. In my all companies my working hours was 9 am to 6 pm but i had work there 9 am to 8 or 9 pm, it means i had worked for the companies for more 12-18 hours per week. Companies had always given warning that if you will not justify your salary then will get exit from the system or company. My last companies had lay-off thousands of employees on immediate basis without any notice and compensation as the name of cost cutting. Companies had done these thing for  extract surplus value from the working classes and maximizing their profits.

b). Answer:

Culture refers to the reflection of attitudes and patterns of behavior or values and beliefs of people of institutions or organizations in a given group. Culture Norm refers to attitudes and behaviors that are considered normal, typical or average within that group. All societies have own cultural norms. Cultural institutions term is especially used of public and charitable organizations, but its range of meaning is very broad in modern society. It is the combination of  museums, libraries and archives, churches, art galleries.

More modern corporate culture or value and beliefs system of capitalist society is based on profit making and their is a little space for human values, humanity and emotions. All the decisions of capitalist society are based on its own interest and benefits. Organizations and institutions are working for only money or making profits).Capitalist system has change the world into a market instead of home. But still some organizations are working for social welfare like charitable, religious organizations etc. People living standard, style, food habits, dressing style or life style, social connectivity, social interaction etc have change frequently. The cross-culture, culture mix, sharing values, beliefs or culture has became more popular and the world has became flat and converted in a global village. So there are numbers of merits and demerits of this system that is showing in modern era.

Thank You