Question

If we are able to ________ predictability and control of stressors, then we can reduce our stress response. If this change in predictability and control of a stressor leads to less neuronal activation, we may see fewer action potentials generated because ____ sodium (Na+) channels only open and allow Na+ into the cell when the membrane has been depolarized. If a person is unable to change the predictability and controllability of their stressors and develops generalized anxiety disorder, their doctor may prescribe a benzodiazepine, which can bind to GABA-A receptors and act as a(n) _____ to reduce anxiety.

A) Increase; leaky; direct agonist

B) Decrease; leaky; direct antagonist

C) Increase; voltage-gated; indirect agonist

D) Decrease; voltage-gated; indirect antagonist

Answer 1

The correct option is C) increase, voltage gated, indirect agonist.

.

Increase predictability of stress can reduce the stress response and help to control the stress response. During stress, the generated action potential depolarize the membrane and this can activate the voltage gated Na+ channels.

Benzodiazepine can be used as anxiolytic drug because it acts on midbrain to produce sedative and hypnotic effect.

The benzodiazapine act on the alpha or beta subunit of the GABAa receptor - chloride channel complex. It increases the frequency of chloride channel opening and enhance the binding of GABA binding to its receptor. It therefore acts as an indirect GABS agonist as it has only GABA facilitatory action and no GABA mimetic action. It enhances the GABA induced hyperpolarization and decrease the firing rate of neurons and induces sedative and hypnotic effect.