Homework Answers
A gram-positive cell wall. It lacks outer membrane and has a thick peptidoglycan layer which prevents osmotic lysis in the hypotonic environment. It's cell wall is thick.
Teichoic acids and lipoteichoic acids are interwoven through the peptidoglycan layer.
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QUESTION 24 As a result of this structure, large amounts of peptidoglycan monomers and teicholc acids...
QUESTION 23 As a result of this structure, large amounts of LPS bind to macrophages causing...
QUESTION 23 As a result of this structure, large amounts of LPS bind to macrophages causing them to release excessive amounts of inflammatory cytokines. The LPS and cytokines bind to neutrophils causing extracellular killing and tissue destruction and, when systemic, can lead to SIRS. This is used as a virulence factor by Neisseria meningitidis, E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Enterobacter. This best describes what? A Gram-positive cell wall A Gram-negative cell wall. An acid-fast cell wall. A bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.
11. Which of the following complement pathways are activated by recognizing microbial products? a. Alternative and...
11. Which of the following complement pathways are activated by recognizing microbial products? a. Alternative and classical b. Lectin and classical c. Lectin and alternative d. All pathways; lectin, classical and alternative 12. True or False: Pathogen recognition receptors (PRR) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP). a. True b. False 13. Which of the following is NOT true about the interferon response? a. Activates innate immune cells b. Increases the expression of MHC class I and antigen presentation by APCs c....
12. Antimicrobials may a. produce allergic reactions b. produce toxic effects not only to the microbe...
12. Antimicrobials may a. produce allergic reactions b. produce toxic effects not only to the microbe but to the hoat c. kill bacteria in our bodies all the above 13. All of the following pertain to the role ofactivated helper T cells in cellular mediatesd immunity except a. differentiation into memory Th cells b. recognize MHC with antigenic peptide on macrophages c. activate Te cells indirectly lead to cytolysis through complement e. indirectl y lead to phagocytosis of large microorganisms...
BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, one of the world’s deadliest diseases...
BACKGROUND:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, one of the world’s
deadliest diseases. It is an acid-fast bacillus that is 2-4 um in
length and 0.2-0.5 um in width.
How many weeks, days,& hours would it take to see a
M.tuberculosis colony on solid media? Its generation time is listed
in the reading (above). Assume that bacterial colonies are not
visible to the naked eye unless they contain ≥ 2 millioncells. This
species forms aggregates of 5 cells on average. Show your...
Immunology Question May you check my answers for 2a and 2b and see if: the information...
Immunology Question
May you check my answers for 2a and 2b and see if: the
information is being accurately presented, there is no unneeded
information, and most importantly it is answering the question? I
added more information to strengthen my answer so hopefully, it is
better this time around. Thank you in advance!
2) Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen in humans, and can cause a few irritating, but non- life threatening, infections in healthy individuals. However, in immunocompromised...
immunology practing samples and not sure if my answers correct. 1. NK cells are effective against...
immunology
practing samples and not sure if my answers correct.
1. NK cells are effective against viral infections because many virus infected cells a. are susceptible to lysis b. are susceptible to phagocytosis c. show reduced levels of MHC class I molecules d. show reduced levels of MHC class II molecules e. none of the above 2. Arachidonic acid serves as a substrate in the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways resulting in the production of a. histamine, leukotrienes b. leukotrienes, prostaglandins...
QUESTION 23 As a result of this structure, large amounts of LPS bind to macrophages causing them to release excessive amounts of inflammatory cytokines. The LPS and cytokines bind to neutrophils causing extracellular killing and tissue destruction and, when systemic, can lead to SIRS. This is used as a virulence factor by Neisseria meningitidis, E.coli, Salmonella, Shigella, and Enterobacter. This best describes what? A Gram-positive cell wall A Gram-negative cell wall. An acid-fast cell wall. A bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.
12. Antimicrobials may a. produce allergic reactions b. produce toxic effects not only to the microbe but to the hoat c. kill bacteria in our bodies all the above 13. All of the following pertain to the role ofactivated helper T cells in cellular mediatesd immunity except a. differentiation into memory Th cells b. recognize MHC with antigenic peptide on macrophages c. activate Te cells indirectly lead to cytolysis through complement e. indirectl y lead to phagocytosis of large microorganisms...
BACKGROUND:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tuberculosis, one of the world’s
deadliest diseases. It is an acid-fast bacillus that is 2-4 um in
length and 0.2-0.5 um in width.
How many weeks, days,& hours would it take to see a
M.tuberculosis colony on solid media? Its generation time is listed
in the reading (above). Assume that bacterial colonies are not
visible to the naked eye unless they contain ≥ 2 millioncells. This
species forms aggregates of 5 cells on average. Show your...
Immunology Question
May you check my answers for 2a and 2b and see if: the
information is being accurately presented, there is no unneeded
information, and most importantly it is answering the question? I
added more information to strengthen my answer so hopefully, it is
better this time around. Thank you in advance!
2) Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen in humans, and can cause a few irritating, but non- life threatening, infections in healthy individuals. However, in immunocompromised...
immunology
practing samples and not sure if my answers correct.
1. NK cells are effective against viral infections because many virus infected cells a. are susceptible to lysis b. are susceptible to phagocytosis c. show reduced levels of MHC class I molecules d. show reduced levels of MHC class II molecules e. none of the above 2. Arachidonic acid serves as a substrate in the lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways resulting in the production of a. histamine, leukotrienes b. leukotrienes, prostaglandins...
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