Question

Question 21 (2 points) The cause of p53-related cancers is a) a translocation between chromosomes 12 and 15. b) failure to repair damaged DNA, allowing the cell to continue dividing. c) activation of cell cycle checkpoint genes. d) fetal cells that remain in a child or adult, dividing too frequently. e) continual expression of the telomerase gene, which keeps cells dividing.

Answer 1

Solution:

A gene that makes a protein called tumor protein p53. This protein is found inside the cell's nucleus and plays an important role in controlling cell division. It helps in keeping abnormal cells ( like cancer causing cells ) from growing. Mutations in the p53 gene may cause cancerous cells to grow and spread in the whole body. These changes have been found in a genetic condition and in many types of cancer. The p53 gene is a type of tumor suppressor gene.

These cancers are caused due to failure to repair damaged DNA. This inhibits the repairing of damaged DNA and allows the cells to divide continuosly. So, the cells grows at unlimited rate and causes p53 related cancers. So, the reason of p53 related cancer is failure to repair damaged DNA.

Hence, Option B, ( failure to repair damaged DNA, allowing the cells to continue dividing ) is the correct answer.