Question

State the major role of each of the following neurotransmitters: 1. Dopamine 2. Acetylcholine 3. GABA 4. Glutamate 5. Norepinephrine 6. Serotonin HTML Editore B IV A - A - I Ex , !E: OVO 12pt O words

Answer 1

1.Dopamine:important role in executive functions, motor control, motivation, arousal, perseveration, pleasure, euphoria, sexual gratification.External administration of dopamine is given for hypotension management, for renal out put maintenance etc.

2.Acetylcholine:chief neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic nervous system. Contracts smooth muscle, increase bodily secretions, dilatation of blood vessels, decrease heart rate.

3.GABA:mainly distributed in the brain. Plays important role in behavior, cognition ,relieving anxiety, relieving pain, regulating the release of sex hormones, burning fat, stabilizing blood pressure, relieving premenstrual syndrome.

4.Glutamate:powerful excitatory neurotransmitter. It is a substrate for protein synthesis, energy source to mucosa, precursor of glutamine, inhibitor of glutaminase reaction, citric acid cycle intermediate, active sites of enzymes,substrate for glutathione reduction .

5.Norepinephrine:also called noradrenaline.Mobilize brain and body for action. Release is lowest during sleep. Rises during wakefulness. Higher levels are found during stress or danger. Also called fight or flight response hormone.Increases heart rate, blood pressure, increase the force of skeletal muscle contraction.

6.Serotonin:found in the brain. Thought to regulate anxiety, happiness and mood. Low levels are associated with depression. It is considered as a natural mood stabilizer, control bowel movement and function. Controls sleep and waking.